黔中地区不同马尾松针阔混交林群落结构、多样性及空间分布特征  

Community Structure,Diversity and Spatial Distribution Characteristics of Different Pinus massoniana Conifer-broadleaf Mixed Forests in Central Guizhou

作　　者：王润 徐明[1] 杨雪[1] 田粤 张健[1] Wang Run;Xu Ming;Yang Xue;Tian Yue;Zhang Jian(College of Life Sciences,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,Guizhou,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学生命科学学院,贵州贵阳550025

出　　处：《山地农业生物学报》2025年第2期87-92,共6页Journal of Mountain Agriculture and Biology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31960234);大学生创新创业训练计划项目(gzuxc2023093);贵州大学2024年实验室开放项目(SYSKF2024-070)。

摘　　要：本研究以黔中地区典型分布的马尾松-枫香针阔混交林、马尾松-甜槠针阔混交林、马尾松纯林(对照)为群落调查对象,通过物种重要值、群落多样性指数、区系分析、径级分布和空间分布格局(角尺度、混交度和大小比数)等进行统计分析,揭示亚热带山地天然次生马尾松针阔叶混交林群落结构、多样性及空间分布特征。结果表明:调查共记录灌乔木树种63种,隶属于30科40属,属水平上以温带分布区系为主;不同马尾松针阔混交林群落灌乔木树种重要值排序存在明显差异,马尾松-枫香混交林样地的乔木层物种丰富度最高,马尾松-甜槠混交林样地的灌木层物种丰富度最高;马尾松的径级分布呈衰退型,甜槠和枫香的径级分布则呈倒“J”型;马尾松-甜槠混交林样地呈聚集分布,马尾松纯林和马尾松-枫香混交林则呈随机分布,马尾松纯林表现出极强度混交,马尾松-枫香混交林表现出强度混交,马尾松-甜槠混交林表现出中度混交。黔中地区的天然次生马尾松-枫香针阔混交林和马尾松-甜槠针阔混交林在树种的组成、径级特征、群落树木种类的空间分布模式等各个方面都存在明显差异,这说明不同马尾松针阔混交林对群落组成结构、功能和过程产生重要影响。该研究为管理者在马尾松人工林混交化营建过程中的冠层树种组成及其空间分布配置提供参考。To reveal the community structure,diversity and spatial distribution characteristics of tree species in natural secondary Pinus massoniana mixed broadleaf-conifer forests in subtropical mountains.The typical distribution of P.massoniana-Liquidambar formosana mixed broadleaf-conifer forest and P.massoniana-Castanopsis eyrei mixed broadleaf-conifer forest,P.massoniana pure forest(CK)in central Guizhou were selected as the survey objects,and the species importance value,community diversity index,flora analysis,diameter class distribution,and spatial distribution pattern(angular scale,mixed degree and size ratio)were statistically analyzed.The results showed that a total of 63 shrub and arbor species belonging to 30 families and 40 genera were recorded,and the genus level was dominated by temperate distribution patterns.There were obvious differences in the order of the importance values of shrub tree species in different communities of P.massoniana coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forests,with the species richness of P.massoniana-L.formosana mixed broadleaf-conifer forest being the highest in the arbor layer and the highest in P.massoniana-C.eyrei mixed broadleaf-conifer forest shrub layer.The diameter class distribution of P.massoniana showed a‘declining type’,while the distribution of the diameter classes of C.eyrei and L.formosana showed an inverted‘J’type.P.massoniana-C.eyrei mixed broadleaf-conifer forest were clustered,while Pm and Pm+Lf were randomly distributed,Pm was extremely mixed,P.massoniana-L.formosana mixed broadleaf-conifer forest showed intensive intergrowth,and P.massoniana-C.eyrei mixed broadleaf-conifer forest was moderately mixed.In words,The natural secondary P.massoniana mixed broadleaf-conifer forests(consisting of P.massoniana-L.formosana mixed broadleaf-conifer forest and P.massoniana-C.eyrei mixed broadleaf-conifer forest)in central Guizhou exhibits distinct variations in tree species composition,diameter class characteristics,and spatial distribution patterns within the community

关 键 词：混交林 马尾松 多样性 径级分布 空间分布 

分 类 号：S757.2[农业科学—森林经理学]