电力计量仪表超快激光穿透破损机理和工艺研究  

Research on the Mechanism and Process of Ultrafast Laser Penetration Breakage of Electric Meters

作　　者：张文嘉 温凯 欧阳紫晴 龙江游 Zhang Wenjia;Wen Kai;Ouyang Ziqing;Long Jiangyou(Metering Center,Guangzhou Power Supply Bureau,Guangdong Power Grid Co.,Ltd.,Guangzhou 510700,Guangdong,China;School of Electromechanical Engineering,Guangdong University of Technology,Guangzhou 510006,Guangdong,China)

机构地区：[1]广东电网有限责任公司广州供电局计量中心,广东广州510700 [2]广东工业大学机电工程学院,广东广州510006

出　　处：《应用激光》2025年第1期86-95,共10页Applied Laser

摘　　要：为解决电力计量仪表传统机械破损产生的碎屑、噪声、刀具损耗等问题,使用超短脉冲激光穿透标刻加工技术,实现绿色高效破损。首先研究计量仪表液晶显示模块表面聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)和内部表层玻璃的激光烧蚀特性,然后讨论两种典型标刻加工方式的机制与特点。其中,当激光直接作用于表面塑料时,塑料的表面碳化会形成黑色的清晰标记,但加工过程会形成小分子产物,造成废气污染;利用激光传播过程中的光斑大小变化及PMMA、玻璃两者烧蚀特性的差异,可以实现穿透式标刻加工,在内部玻璃表面形成清晰图案,这种加工方法主要依赖于玻璃的重熔过程,无明显的废气废渣产生。利用穿透式标刻加工实现退运仪表破损,不仅可避免加工过程中的废气、废渣产生,还实现了计量仪表全生命流程的可追溯要求,有望取代传统机械破损方法。To address the issues of debris,noise,and tool loss in traditional mechanical breakage,ultrashort-pulsed laser interior marking technology is employed in this study to achieve green and efficient breakage of electric meters.The laser ablation thresholds of the polymethyl methacrylate(PMMA)and the glass material of the liquid crystal display module are first studied.Afterward,we discuss the mechanisms and characteristics of two typical marking methods.When the laser beam is focused on the surface of the PMMA layer,clear black marks form due to laser-induced carbonization.However,low molecular weight organics generate during the processing,which can result in the generation of gas pollution.By utilizing the spot size variation during propagation and the different ablation threshold of PMMA and glass material,laser marking can be realized on the glass surface by passing through the PMMA layer.Clear marking forms due to the resolidification of the glass material while avoiding the generation of debris and gas pollution.Utilizing this interior marking technology for meter breakage can not only avoid the generation of debris and gas pollution but also enable traceability requirements for the entire life cycle of electric meter,which can be used to replace traditional mechanical breakage methods.

关 键 词：激光烧蚀 超快激光微加工 聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯 玻璃 表面微结构 

分 类 号：TN249[电子电信—物理电子学]