清代云南边疆民族地区基层治理与中华民族共同体构建——以地方档案为中心  

The Grassroots Governance of Yunnan Border Ethnic Areas in the Qing Dynasty and the Construction of a Community for Chinese Nation

作　　者：王海滨[1] WANG Haibin(School of Ethnic Culture,Yunnan Minzu University,Kunming,Yunnan 650500)

机构地区：[1]云南民族大学民族文化学院,云南昆明650500

出　　处：《玉溪师范学院学报》2024年第5期56-64,共9页Journal of Yuxi Normal University

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大招标项目“南方少数民族小文种文献保护与整理研究”(17ZDA309);国家社科基金西部项目“红河流域方块哈尼文珍稀文献抢救性搜集整理与研究”(22XTQ005);云南省哲学社会科学研究规划项目“云南地方志中的彝语方言研究”(YB2021092)。

摘　　要：云南位于中国边陲,为西南屏障,自古以来便与中原呼吸相通、有綦切之关系。清王朝秉持慰抚与武力、牵制与依靠、普适与特殊、自治与控制相结合的治理思想,在西南边疆建立起坚固的藩篱。随着国家“掌土治民”力量向边疆地区延伸,云南边疆民族地区展开了征收土地赋税,组建保甲组织,开展赈灾救济,积极兴办义学等多方面融入王朝国家的具体实践。同时,广大基层乡村也并非铁板一块,土司、乡约、保甲、宗族等基层组织、少数民族部落首领、乡耆等,形成了基层治理的多元力量,构建起复合型治理结构。这种复合型治理结构,加快了云南边疆民族地区逐渐增强“中华民族”认同的过程。Yunnan,located on the frontier of China,serves as a southwestern bulwark with a close relationship to the Central Plains since ancient times.The Qing Dynasty adhered to a governance philosophy that combined appeasement with military force,containment with reliance,universality with particularity,and autonomy with control,establishing a robust barrier in the southwestern frontier.As the state’s power to“govern land and people”extended towards the frontier regions,Yunnan’s frontier ethnic areas began to implement specific practices of the dynasty,including the collection of land taxes,the establishment of Baojia organizations,the initiation of disaster relief,and the active establishment of free schools.At the same time,the vast grassroots rural areas were not monolithic;local organizations such as Tusi(chieftains),Xiangyue(village compacts),Baojia(neighborhood units),and clan groups,as well as tribal chiefs and village elders among ethnic minorities,formed a diverse power structure for grassroots governance,constructing a complex governance structure.This complex governance structure accelerated the process of fostering a strong sense of community for Chinese nation in Yunnan’s frontier ethnic areas.

关 键 词：清代云南 基层治理 中华民族共同体 

分 类 号：G120[文化科学]