乌海市及周边地区VOCs走航监测技术应用及污染特征分析  

Application of VOCs Mobile Monitoring Technology and Analysis of Pollution Characteristics in Wuhai City and Surrounding Areas

作　　者：李海兵 赵刘杰 于浩 胡生荣 LI Haibing;ZHAO Liujie;YU Hao;HU Shengrong(Inner Mongolia Autonomous Research Academy of Eco-Environmental Sciences,Hohhot 010011,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古自治区生态环境科学研究院,内蒙古呼和浩特010011

出　　处：《环境科学研究》2025年第3期579-589,共11页Research of Environmental Sciences

基　　金：内蒙古自治区科技重大专项-乌海及周边地区PM_(2.5)、PM10和臭氧的精细化来源解析研究。

摘　　要：VOCs具有成分复杂、来源广泛等特点,难以有效监测和把控其排放过程。本文以乌海市及周边地区的重点污染区域、重要交通干道、重点企业为研究范围,于2024年3月5−16日进行了VOCs走航监测,合计走航3441 km,涉及企业139家。结果表明:①走航监测期间,VOCs峰值体积分数整体表现为工业园区>矿区及主要道路>主城区的特征。②走航监测共出现异常点位43次,工业园区最多,达28次,占比为67.40%。③主城区和矿区及主要道路VOCs组分一致,均以烷烃、OVOCs为主,工业园区VOCs组分以芳香烃、卤代烃、烯烃、OVOCs为主。④工业园区中芳香烃类物质的出现频率最高,达82.60%,其中苯、甲苯、二甲苯最为突出,出现频率分别为69.60%、56.50%、47.80%。⑤对于臭氧生成潜势(OFP),芳香烃是主要贡献者,OFP较高的物种为苯、甲苯、二甲苯、三甲苯等苯系物。研究显示,乌海市及周边区域排放的VOCs组分特征明显,主要来自炼焦和有机化学原料生产过程,应重点加强焦化企业无组织排放过程的管控,对涉及VOCs原辅材料储存、使用等工艺过程的化工企业,需针对性地提高VOCs的收集和处置效率。VOCs are characterized by high mobility,complex compositions,and diverse sources,which complicate their effective monitoring and emission control.This paper focuses on Wuhai City and its surrounding areas,where mobile monitoring of VOCs was conducted to analyze the region′s pollution characteristics.The results show that:(1)During the mobile monitoring period,the peak concentrations of VOCs generally showed the pattern of industrial parks>mining areas and main roads>the main urban area.(2)A total of 43 abnormal points were detected during the monitoring period,with industrial parks accounting for the majority,comprising 28 occurrences(67.40%).(3)The VOCs components in the main urban area,mining areas,and main roads were similar,mainly consisting of alkanes and OVOCs.In contrast,the VOCs components in industrial parks were primarily aromatic hydrocarbons,halogenated hydrocarbons,olefins,and OVOCs.(4)The highest occurrence frequency of aromatic hydrocarbons was observed in industrial parks,reaching 82.60%.Among these,benzene,toluene,and xylene were the most prominent,with occurrence frequencies of 69.60%,56.50%and 47.80%,respectively.(5)Regarding ozone formation potential(OFP),aromatic hydrocarbons were the primary contributors,and the species with higher OFP contributions were benzene-series compounds,including benzene,toluene,xylene,and trimethylbenzene.The research shows that the VOCs emissions in Wuhai City and surrounding areas have distinct characteristics and predominantly originate from the coking and production processes of organic chemical raw materials.Therefore,it is necessary to focus on strengthening control of the fugitive emissions from coking enterprises and improving the collection and disposal efficiency of VOCs in chemical enterprises,especially those involved in the storage and use of VOCs raw and auxiliary materials.

关 键 词：挥发性有机物(VOCs) 走航监测 臭氧生成潜势(OFP) 

分 类 号：X51[环境科学与工程—环境工程]