含低品位铜钴硫酸渣铵盐焙烧—水浸试验研究  

Experimental study of ammonium salt roasting-water leaching on pyrite roasting slag containing low‑grade copper and cobalt

作　　者：余洪[1] 李若愚 程彦玲 张汉泉[1] Yu Hong;Li Ruoyu;Cheng Yaning;Zhang Hanquan(School of Resources&Safety Engineering,Wuhan Institute of Technology)

机构地区：[1]武汉工程大学资源与安全工程学院

出　　处：《黄金》2025年第3期18-24,共7页Gold

基　　金：湖北省自然科学基金联合基金项目(2024AFD165)。

摘　　要：含低品位铜钴硫酸渣由于嵌布粒度细、矿物组成复杂,其中的有价金属难以选择性回收利用。采用铵盐焙烧—水浸工艺选择性回收其中的铜和钴,详细研究了不同焙烧温度、焙烧时间及水浸时间、水浸温度、液固比、搅拌速率等对Cu、Co浸出率的影响。结果表明:含低品位铜钴硫酸渣在硫酸铵用量20%、焙烧温度350℃、焙烧时间120 min条件下进行焙烧,焙烧渣在液固比7∶1、水浸温度60℃、搅拌速率400 r/min条件下搅拌浸出120 min,Cu和Co浸出率分别为68.78%和60.16%。结合SEM-EDS、热重-差热分析、化学物相分析和浸出动力学分析,探索了Cu、Co的回收机理,焙烧过程中硫酸铵与氧化铜、硫化铜、硫化钴等反应生成了可溶性的硫酸铜和硫酸钴,四氧化三钴被还原成了硫酸钴,焙烧后样品表面疏松多孔,从而提高了铜、钴的浸出率。Pyrite roasting slag containing low-grade copper and cobalt poses challenges in the selective recovery of valuable metals due to its fine-grained texture and complex mineral composition.This study employs ammonium salt roasting-water leaching to selectively recover copper and cobalt.The effects of roasting temperature,roasting time,water leaching time,water leaching temperature,liquid-solid ratio,and stirring rate on Cu and Co leaching rates were systema tically investigated.Cu and Co leaching efficiencies reached 68.78%and 60.16%,respectively,under the conditions:20%ammonium sulfate dosage,roasting at 350℃ for 120 min,followed by leaching at a liquid-solid ratio of 7∶1,temperature of 60℃,400 r/min stirring rate for 120 min.Mechanisms of Cu and Co recovery were explored via SEM-EDS,thermogravimetric-differential thermal analysis,chemical phase analysis,and leaching kinetics.The roasted sample exhibits a porous and loose surface structure.During the roasting process,ammonium sulfate reacts with copper oxide,copper sulfide,and cobalt sulfide during roasting to form soluble copper sulfate and cobalt sulfate,while cobalt tetroxide is reduced to cobalt sulfate,enhancing metal leaching.

关 键 词：含铜钴硫酸渣 硫酸铵 焙烧 浸出 化学物相分析 热重分析 浸出机理 

分 类 号：TF111[冶金工程—冶金物理化学]