世俗与超越的双重变奏——查尔斯•泰勒“自我”论说及其中世纪渊源  

The Dual Variations of the Secular and the Transcendent:A Tentative Study on Charles Taylor’s Discourse on the“Selfhood”and Its Medieval Origins

作　　者：何智坚 HE Zhijian

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学历史学系

出　　处：《政治思想史》2025年第1期120-136,228,共18页Journal of the History of Political Thought

摘　　要：查尔斯•泰勒以其鲜明的关于“世俗时代”背景下的“自我”论说享誉学界。但不应忽视的是,在“世俗”论述的背后,泰勒的思想亦有其深刻的超越性追求,而其直接接榫的精神谱系乃是中世纪的思想渊源,即以托马斯主义、“自然法”、“主体权利”、早期“个人主义”等为代表的精神遗产。尽管这些中世纪的思想资源在“现代”语境下发生了不同程度的变异,却仍可为缓解世俗时代“灵性空虚”的出路探寻提供不同程度的借鉴。泰勒勾勒出的理想道德图景在其思想谱系中突出表现为世俗与超越的双重变奏,而把握这种变奏及其中世纪渊源,成为把握泰勒思想的重要切入点。Charles Taylor enjoys a high reputation in the academic field for his distinctive exposition on the“self”in the backdrop of the“secular age”.Nevertheless,it should not be neglected that behind his“secular”discourse,Taylor’s thought also harbors profound transcendent aspirations,and the direct spiritual pedigree it dovetails with is the ideological provenance of the Middle Ages,namely the spiritual legacy represented by Thomism,“natural law”,“subjective rights”,and early“individualism”.Despite the fact that these medieval ideological resources have undergone varying degrees of transformation in the“modern”context,they can still provide references of varying extents for exploring ways out to alleviate the“spiritual void”in the secular age.The ideal moral landscape delineated by Taylor is prominently manifested as the dual variation of the secular and the transcendent in his ideological pedigree,and grasping this variation and its medieval roots constitutes an important entry point for grasping Taylor’s thought.

关 键 词：世俗时代 超越性 大脱嵌 自由精神 心灵危机 

分 类 号：I20[文学—中国文学]