海南热带雨林国家公园不同海拔桉树人工林土壤-微生物碳氮磷特征  

Characteristics of Soil-Microbial Carbon,Nitrogen and Phosphorus in Eucalyptus Plantations at Different Altitudes in National Park of Hainan Tropical Rainforest.

作　　者：张学丰 余雪标 余慧霖 黄海 陈海辉 张建龙 陈佳欣 韦建杏 ZHANG Xuefeng;YU Xuebiao;YU Huiin;HUANG Hai;CHEN Haihui;ZHANG Jianong;CHENJiaxin;WEI Jianxing(College of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry,Hainan University,Haikou,Hainan 570228,China;Hainan Academy of Forestry(Hainan Mangrove Research Institute),Haikou,Hainan 571100,China)

机构地区：[1]海南大学热带农林学院,海南海口570228 [2]海南省林业科学研究院(海南省红树林研究院),海南海口571100

出　　处：《热带作物学报》2025年第3期764-775,共12页Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops

基　　金：海南省重点研发项目(No.ZDYF2023SHFZ174)。

摘　　要：为探究海南热带雨林国家公园不同海拔梯度上桉树(Eucalyptus)人工林土壤-微生物碳氮磷特征,以五指山片区不同海拔(500、700、900 m)的典型桉树人工林为研究对象,以同海拔天然次生林作为对照。研究表明:(1)桉树人工林土壤有机碳(SOC)、全氮(TN)含量随海拔升高呈逐渐上升的趋势,全磷(TP)含量随海拔升高呈逐渐下降的变化规律,变化范围分别为13.16~13.58、0.93~1.15、0.17~0.19 g/kg,SOC、TP含量低于天然次生林,并且SOC、TN、TP含量低于全国森林平均值。(2)桉树人工林土壤微生物量碳(MBC)、微生物量氮(MBN)含量随海拔升高呈逐渐上升的趋势,而微生物量磷(MBP)含量随海拔升高呈下降趋势,变化范围分别为237.46~398.26、23.04~30.74、4.77~9.59 mg/kg,且与TP呈极显著正相关关系(P<0.01)。与同海拔天然次生林均无显著差异。(3)桉树人工林土壤MBC/MBN、MBC/MBP、MBN/MBP均随海拔升高呈逐渐上升的趋势,比值变化范围分别为9.05~13.17、24.73~80.99、2.76~6.60。500 m处桉树人工林MBC/MBP、MBN/MBP与天然次生林有显著差异。(4)不同海拔桉树人工林土壤微生物熵碳(qMBC)、微生物熵氮(qMBN)、微生物熵磷(qMBP)的变幅为1.89%~3.34%、2.90%~3.23%、1.33%~5.41%。qMBC随海拔升高逐渐上升,而qMBP随海拔的升高逐渐下降。桉树人工林土壤qMBC、qMBP高于天然次生林。土壤有机碳和全氮是影响其变化的关键因子。综上所述,海拔梯度显著影响桉树人工林土壤-微生物碳、氮、磷含量及化学计量比。与同海拔的天然次生林相比,桉树人工林土壤均表现出碳、磷含量的匮乏,但提高了土壤碳、磷向微生物量碳、磷的转化效率。基于此,海南热带雨林国家公园的桉树人工林应采取保留处理,在后续的管理中应注重碳、磷元素养分的影响。The study was aimed to investigate the soil-microbial carbon,nitrogen and phosphorus characteristics of Eucalyptus plantations at different altitude gradients in Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park.Typical Eucalyptus plantation forests at different altitudes(500 m,700 m and 900 m)in Wuzhishan were used as the study object,and natural secondary forests at the same altitude were used as the control.Soil organic carbon(SOC)and total nitrogen(TN)content showed a gradual increase with elevation,and total phosphorus(TP)showed a gradual decrease.The range of variation was 13.16-13.58,0.93-1.15,0.17-0.19 g/kg,respectively,which was lower than the SOC and TN contents of natural secondary forests,and lower than the national average values of SOC,TN and TP contents of forests.The microbial biomass carbon(MBC)and microbial biomass nitrogen(MBN)showed a trend of gradual increase with elevation,and the microbial biomass phosphorus(MBP)content overall showed a decreasing trend with elevation,with the range of 237.46-398.26,23.04-30.74,4.77-9.59 mg/kg,respectively,and with the TP contents.TP showed highly significant positive correlation(P<0.01).The differences were not significant compared with those of natural secondary forests at the same elevation.MBC/MBN,MBC/MBP and MBN/MBP all tended to increase with elevation,with ratios ranging from 9.05-13.17,24.73-80.99 and 2.76-6.60.At 500 m,the MBC/MBP and MBN/MBP of the Eucalyptus plantation were significantly different from those of the natural secondary forest..The variation of microbial quotient carbon(qMBC),microbial quotient nitrogen(qMBN)and microbial quotient phosphorus(qMBP)at different elevations was 1.89%-3.34%,2.90%-3.23%and 1.33%-5.41%,respectively.qMBC showed a gradual increase in elevation,and qMBP declined with the elevation.qMBC and qMBP were higher than those of natural secondary forests.qMBC and qMBP were higher than those of natural secondary forests.Soil organic carbon and total nitrogen were the key factors affecting the changes.In conclusion,the elevation

关 键 词：海拔 碳氮磷 桉树人工林 微生物熵 

分 类 号：S792.39[农业科学—林木遗传育种]