Comparative study of flame retardancy in polyimine vitrimers and composites:Evaluating additive and reactive flame retardants acting via gas-,solid-,and combined-phase mechanisms  

作　　者：Andrea Toldy Dániel István Poór Beáta Szolnoki Boglárka Devecser Norbert Geier Ákos Pomázi 

机构地区：[1]Department of Polymer Engineering,Faculty of Mechanical Engineering,Budapest University of Technology and Economics,H-1111 Budapest,M˝uegyetem rkp.3,Hungary [2]MTA-BME Lendület Sustainable Polymers Research Group,Muegyetem rkp.3,H-1111 Budapest,Hungary [3]Budapest University of Technology and Economics,Faculty of Mechanical Engineering,Department of Manufacturing Science and Engineering,Muegyetem rkp.3.,Budapest 1111,Hungary [4]Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology,Faculty of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology,Budapest University of Technology and Economics,H-1111 Budapest,Muegyetem rkp.3,Hungary [5]HUN-REN-BME Research Group for Composite Science and Technology,Muegyetem rkp.3.,H-1111 Budapest,Hungary

出　　处：《Journal of Materials Science & Technology》2024年第29期101-111,共11页材料科学技术(英文版)

基　　金：Project no.TKP-6-6/PALY-2021 has been implemented with the support provided by the Ministry of Culture;Innovation of Hungary from the National Research,Development and Innovation Fund,financed under the TKP2021-NVA funding scheme;funded by the National Research,Development and In-novation Office(NKFIH K142517);This research has been imple-mented with the support of the 2021-1.2.4-TÉT-2021-00050,which encourages scientific and technological cooperation between USA and Hungary;Support from theÚNKP-23-3-II-BME-227,ÚNKP-23-5-BME-409 andÚNKP-23-5-BME-417 New National Excellence Pro-gram of the Ministry for Culture and Innovation from the source of the National Research,Development and Innovation Fund is acknowledged;supported by the János Bolyai Research Scholarship of the Hungarian Academy of Sci-ences No.BO/00508/22/6 and No BO/00980/23/7;support of Bertalan Papp in preparation works.

摘　　要：We developed flame retarded polyimine type vitrimers and carbon fibre reinforced composites using two additive and a reactive flame retardant containing phosphorus:ammonium polyphosphate(APP),resorcinol bis(diphenyl phosphate)(RDP);and N,N’,N’’-tris(2-aminoethyl)-phosphoric acid triamide(TEDAP).We characterised the vitrimer matrix materials by differential scanning calorimetry(DSC),thermal analysis(TGA),limiting oxygen index(LOI),UL-94 test and mass loss calorimetry(MLC),while the vitrimer composites by LOI,UL-94 test,MLC and dynamic mechanical analysis(DMA).We compared the performance of the vitrimer systems to a benchmark pentaerythritol-based aliphatic epoxy resin system(PER).The vitrimer reference had higher thermal stability but lower fire performance than the PER aliphatic reference epoxy.At lower phosphorus content,the vitrimer systems exhibited a melting above their vitrimer transition temperature,which negatively affected their LOI and UL-94 results.From 2%phosphorus content,rapid charring and extinguishing of vitrimers prevented the softening and deforming.The superior performance of these same flame retardants in vitrimer systems could be attributed to the high nitrogen content of imine-based vitrimers in combination with phosphorus flame retardants,exploiting nitrogen-phosphorus synergism.In both matrices,flame retardants with solid phase action lead to better fire performance,while in composites,the lowest peak heat release rates(152 kW/m2 in vitrimer composite)were achieved with RDP acting predominantly in the gas phase,as carbon fibres hindered the intumescent phenomenon.

关 键 词：Vitrimer Polyimin e Epoxy Carbon fibre Polymer composite Flame retardancy 

分 类 号：TB3[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]