云南三地布朗族聚集区地方稻种资源苗瘟抗性评价及抗性基因鉴定  

Evaluation of Seedling Blast Resistance and Identification of Resistance Genes in Rice Landraces from Three Bulang Minority Gathering Areas in Yunnan

作　　者：董超[1] 董丽英[2] 薛静 杨雅云[1] 汤翠凤[1] 阿新祥[1] 张斐斐[1] 杨勤忠[2] 戴陆园[1] DONG Chao;DONG Liying;XUE Jing;YANG Yayun;TANG Cuifeng;A Xinxiang;ZHANG Feifei;YANG Qinzhong;DAI Luyuan(Biotechnology and Germplasm Resources Institute,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Yunnan Key Lab of Agricultural Biotechnology/Yunnan Seed Laboratory/Key Laboratory of Southwestern Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Innovation,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Scientific Observation Station for Rice Germplasm Resources of Yunnan,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Kunming 650205,China;Agricultural Environment and Resources Research Institute,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Kunming 650205,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省农业科学院生物技术与种质资源研究所/云南省农业生物技术重点实验室/云南种子种业联合实验室/农业农村部西南作物基因资源与种质创制重点实验室/农业农村部云南稻种资源科学观测试验站,云南昆明650205 [2]云南省农业科学院农业环境资源研究所,云南昆明650205

出　　处：《广东农业科学》2025年第1期1-13,共13页Guangdong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：云南省重大科技专项(202302AE090011);云南省科技人才与平台计划项目(202405AD350066);国家重点研发计划子课题项目(2021YFD1200505-1);云南省种子种业联合实验室项目(202205AR070001-11)。

摘　　要：【目的】明确农家保护下云南布朗族地方稻种资源苗期稻瘟病抗性水平与分布。【方法】以云南三地布朗族聚集区78份地方稻种资源为材料,利用10个稻瘟病菌株进行苗期接种鉴定和24个稻瘟病抗性基因的31个功能标记检测与分析。【结果】苗期接种鉴定结果表明,78份地方稻种资源抗性在40%~100%,平均抗性达93.6%;其中55份地方稻种资源对10个菌株的抗性达100%,占总资源数的70.5%;3个布朗族聚集区地方稻种资源的抗性强弱为勐海县(99.00%)>墨江县(89.09%)>双江县(80.59%)。菌株08-16-6a-1和HN-09-1c-7对3个布朗族聚集区的地方稻种资源致病力最强(11.54%),而菌株HN-09-1c-7和08-20-1a-1对勐海县稻种资源致病力最强(4.00%),菌株08-20-1a-1对墨江县稻种资源致病力最强(36.36%),菌株08-16-6a-1对双江县稻种资源致病力最强致病力最强(52.94%)。功能基因检测结果显示,从云南三地布朗族聚集区的地方稻种资源中,检测出Pi9、Pi5、Pita、Pikh、Pid2和Pikm 6个抗性基因;抗性基因频率为73.08%~84.62%,最高的为Pid2,最低的为Pi9;勐海县稻种资源中频率最高为Pita和Pid2,最低为Pi9;墨江县中频率最高为Pid2、Pi5和Pi9,最低为Pita;双江县中频率最高为Pid2、Pita、Pikm、Pikh和Pi9,最低为Pi5。回归分析结果显示,6个抗性基因对苗期叶瘟抗性均未达到显著水平(P>0.05),不同抗性基因组合可解释苗期叶瘟抗性变化1.8%~25.8%,抗性基因Pid2+Pi5+Pikm+Pikh组合的贡献率最低,而6个抗性基因组合的贡献率最高,但组合效应均不显著。【结论】云南三地布朗族聚集区的地方稻种资源抗性强、抗谱宽,Pid2基因为主要抗性基因,筛选出38份对10个菌株抗性达100%且含Pid2和Pi9基因的资源,是拓宽稻瘟病抗性遗传背景的重要资源。【Objective】In order to determine the resistance characteristics and distribution of rice blast disease in rice landraces from Bulang minority in Yunnan.【Method】Seedling-stage resistance evaluation and molecular characterization were conducted on 78 rice landraces using 31 functional markers targeting 24 blast resistance genes and 10 blast fungal strains.【Result】Inoculation assays revealed that the 78 rice landraces exhibited resistance levels ranging from 40% to 100%,with an average resistance rate of 93.6%.Notably,55 accessions(70.5%)demonstrated complete resistance(100%).Regional resistance patterns were observed as follows:Menghai County(99.00%)>Mojiang County(89.09%)>Shuangjiang County(80.59%).The resultes of Pathogen Virulence Profiling showed strains 08-16-6a-1 and HN-09-1c-7 displayed the highest virulence against Bulang landraces(11.54% susceptibility),where Menghai accessions being most susceptible to strains HN-09-1c-7 and 08-20-1a-1(4.00% susceptibility),Mojiang landraces showed 36.36% susceptibility to strain 08-20-1a-1,Shuangjiang resources exhibited the highest susceptibility(52.94%)to strain 08-16-6a-1.Functional gene analysis revealed the presence of six blast resistance genes(Pi9,Pi5,Pita,Pikh,Pid2,and Pikm)in the Bulang rice landraces,with allele frequencies ranging from 73.08% to 84.62%.The Pid2 exhibited the highest overall frequency,while Pi9 showed the lowest.Regional variations were observed:In Menghai County,Pita and Pid2 predominated(84.62%),contrasting with the reduced prevalence of Pi9(73.08%).Mojiang County displayed elevated frequencies of Pid2,Pi5,and Pi9(84.62%),whereas Pita was least frequent(73.08%).In Shuangjiang County,Pid2,Pita,Pikm,Pikh,and Pi9 were dominant(84.62%),while Pi5 occurred at the lowest frequency(73.08%).Regression analysis demonstrated no significant correlations(P>0.05)between these six genes and seedling-stage leaf blast resistance.Gene combinations accounted for 1.8% to 25.8% of resistance variability,with the Pid2+Pi5+Pikm+Pikh quartet showing the

关 键 词：地方稻种资源 布朗族 稻瘟病 抗性基因 功能标记 致病力 

分 类 号：S3[农业科学—农艺学]