甘薯曲叶病毒广东种群的遗传特征分析  

Analysis on Genetic Characteristics of the Guangdong Population of Sweetpotato Leaf Curl Virus

作　　者：都梦丹 李正刚 何自福[2] 佘小漫[2] 汤亚飞[2] DU Mengdan;LI Zhenggang;HE Zifu;SHE Xiaoman;TANG Yafei(College of Plant Protection,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou 510640,China;Institute of Plant Protection,Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Fruits and Vegetables in South China,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Technology for Plant Protection,Guangzhou 510640,China)

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学植物保护学院,广东广州510640 [2]广东省农业科学院植物保护研究所/农业农村部华南果蔬绿色防控重点实验室/广东省植物保护新技术重点实验室,广东广州510640

出　　处：《广东农业科学》2025年第1期60-69,共10页Guangdong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2024YFD1401200);国家自然科学基金(32072392);广东省农业科学院协同创新中心项目(XT202210)。

摘　　要：【目的】甘薯曲叶病是影响甘薯产业的一种重要病害,旨在监测该病害在广东甘薯产区的发生与分布,明确甘薯曲叶病毒(Sweetpotato leaf curl virus,SPLCV)广东种群的遗传特征,为SPLCV的防控提供理论依据。【方法】2019—2023年,通过对广州、茂名、湛江、汕尾4个广东省甘薯主要产区进行系统调查,采集疑似甘薯曲叶病样本。利用RCA扩增、分子克隆以及序列分析方法,获得SPLCV分离物的基因组全长序列。进一步利用SDT、MEGA、RDP、DnaSP等生物学软件对SPLCV广东种群各分离物的基因组结构特征、全长序列相似性、系统进化、重组、种群多态性等进行分析。【结果】获得SPLCV广州(GS01)、湛江(GS02)、茂名(MM01)3个分离物的基因组全长序列。进一步序列分析发现,SPLCV广东种群的基因组结构基本一致,均编码6个ORFs,但病毒基因组全长序列存在差异,序列相似性为87.00%~99.90%,其中GS01分离物的序列差异明显,与其他分离物相似性低(87.00%~87.90%)。系统进化树分析同样表明,GS01分离物与广东其他分离物遗传距离较远,聚集在不同分支,表明GS01分离物与广东其他6个分离物的来源不同。重组分析显示,SPLCV广东种群的基因组未发生重组。种群多态性分析发现,SPLCV广东分离物核苷酸多样性为0.06544,总体变异程度较低。进一步分析SPLCV广东分离物AV1、AV2、AC1、AC2、AC3、AC4基因的选择压力,发现AC4基因所承受的选择压力大,处于多样性选择。【结论】甘薯曲叶病在广东省广州、茂名、湛江等甘薯主产区均有发生,其病原物SPLCV广东种群存在一定程度的差异,AC4基因的突变是引起SPLCV广东种群变异的主要原因。同时,首次在广东茂名甘薯产区检测到SPLCV,表明SPLCV在广东省的分布正在扩大,对甘薯生产安全构成威胁。因此,需加强对SPLCV监测及甘薯种苗调运监管,及时控制田间烟粉虱,以有效控制甘薯曲叶病【Objective】Sweetpotato leaf curl disease is an important disease affecting the production of sweetpotato.This study aims to monitor the occurrence and distribution of sweetpotato leaf curl disease in major sweetpotato production areas of Guangdong Province,and to clarify the genetic characteristics of the Guangdong population of sweetpotato leaf curl virus(SPLCV),providing a theoretical basis for the prevention and control of such disease.【Method】From 2019 to 2023,systematic surveys were conducted in 4 major sweetpotato production areas of Guangdong Province,including Guangzhou,Maoming,Zhanjiang,and Shanwei.Suspected samples were collected,and the full-length genome sequences of SPLCV isolates were obtained by RCA amplification,molecular cloning,and sequence analysis methods.Further,biological software tools such as SDT,MEGA,RDP and DnaSP were utilized to analyze the genomic structural characteristics,full-length sequence similarity,phylogenetic analysis,recombination and population polymorphism between SPLCV Guangdong isolates.【Result】The full-length genome sequences of three new SPLCV isolates were obtained from Guangzhou(GS01),Zhanjiang(GS02),and Maoming(MM01).Sequence analysis revealed that the genomic structure of the Guangdong population of SPLCV was generally consistent,all encoding six ORFs,but there were differences in the full-length genome sequences.The sequence similarity among the SPLCV Guangdong isolates ranged from 87.00% to 99.90%,with the GS01 isolate exhibiting significant sequence differences and low similarity(87.00% to 87.90%)to other isolates.Phylogenetic tree analysis also indicated that the GS01 isolate was genetically distant from the other six Guangdong isolates,clustering in different branches,suggesting that the source of the GS01 isolate was different from that of the other Guangdong isolates.Recombination analysis showed that no recombination occurred between SPLCV Guangdong isolates.Population polymorphism analysis revealed that the nucleotide diversity of SPLCV Guangdon

关 键 词：甘薯 甘薯曲叶病毒 广东种群 病毒序列 种群多态性 选择压力 

分 类 号：S432.41[农业科学—植物病理学]