地铁车站主体结构施工阶段内力分布特征研究  

Research on the Distribution Characteristics of Internal Forces During the Construction Phase of the Main Structure of Subway Stations

作　　者：张贺 秦磊 吴银柱[3] ZHANG He;QIN Lei;WU Yinzhu(China Communications Railway Design and Research Institute Co.Ltd.,Beijing 100088,China;Beijing Urban Construction Exploratio&Surveying Design Research Institute Co.Ltd.,Beijing 100101,China;School of Prospecting and Geomatics Engineering,Changchun Institute of Technology,Changchun 130103,China)

机构地区：[1]中交铁道设计研究总院有限公司,北京100088 [2]北京城建勘测设计研究院有限责任公司,北京100101 [3]长春工程学院勘查与测绘工程学院,吉林长春130103

出　　处：《石家庄铁道大学学报(自然科学版)》2025年第1期22-28,共7页Journal of Shijiazhuang Tiedao University(Natural Science Edition)

摘　　要：为了控制车站主体结构施工阶段的受力状态,采用数值模拟和现场实测相结合的方法,研究车站顶板、中板、底板和侧墙关键部位随施工进程的力学体系转换特征。结果表明,车站结构的弯矩呈正对称分布,剪力呈反对称分布,中柱内力接近零。顶板和中板在中支座处内力达到峰值,底板的内力峰值出现在两端支座位置,中板的弯矩峰值约为顶板的13%。施工初期底边现浇阶段为混凝土受拉的最不利阶段,负2层形成封闭结构后对底板受力有利。中板在顶板施作前内力激增,是最关键的控制阶段。侧墙下支座处应力随着施工进程逐渐增加,呈现应力转换现象。研究结果为地铁车站施工阶段的结构优化和内力控制提供了重要参考。In order to control the stress state of the main structure of the station during the construction stage,a comprehensive method of numerical simulation and on-site measurement was used to study the mechanical system transformation characteristics of key parts of the station roof,middle plate,bottom plate,and side wall during the construction process.The results show that the bending moment of the station structure exhibits a symmetric distribution,while the shear force presents an anti-symmetric distribution,with the internal forces in the central column being close to zero.The peak internal forces of the roof and intermediate slabs occur at the middle support,whereas the peak internal forces of the base slab appear at the two end supports,with the peak bending moment of the intermediate slab being approximately 13% of that of the roof slab.During the early construction stage,the cast-in-place phase of the base slab represents the most unfavorable condition for concrete tensile stress.Following the formation of a closed structure at the second basement level,the stress on the base slab improves.The internal forces in the intermediate slab increase significantly before the roof slab is constructed,marking the most critical control phase.The stress near the lower support of the side walls gradually increases during the construction process,showing a stress transformation phenomenon.The results provide valuable references for structural optimization and internal force control during the construction of subway stations.

关 键 词：有限元分析 地铁车站 主体结构 施工阶段 内力分布 

分 类 号：U456.33[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]