基于车轮多边形激励下的轮轨振噪特性研究  

Study on the Vibration and Noise Characteristics of Wheel-rail System Based on Wheel Polygon Excitation

作　　者：张恕辽 杨思远 李帅辉 辛超 林玉森 ZHANG Shuliao;YANG Siyuan;LI Shuaihui;XIN Chao;LIN Yusen(School of Civil Engineering,Shijiazhuang Tiedao University,Shijiazhuang 050043,China;Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Road and Railway Engineering Safety Assurance,Shijiazhuang Tiedao University,Shijiazhuang 050043,China)

机构地区：[1]石家庄铁道大学土木工程学院,河北石家庄050043 [2]石家庄铁道大学道路与铁道工程安全保障省部共建教育部重点实验室,河北石家庄050043

出　　处：《石家庄铁道大学学报(自然科学版)》2025年第1期50-58,共9页Journal of Shijiazhuang Tiedao University(Natural Science Edition)

摘　　要：随着高速列车磨耗的不断增加,会出现车轮圆周方向的多边形磨耗。为研究车轮多边形对轮轨结构的振噪特性影响,以某列车为例,基于刚柔耦合动力学理论,建立了精准的车辆-轨道刚柔耦合模型,将高阶车轮多边形作为激励输入,分析了高频下轮轨结构的振动特性,将轮轨响应作为声学边界条件,运用瞬态边界元法分析出轮轨各子系统的声辐射特性。研究表明,轮轨垂向力幅值和钢轨轨头振动加速度幅值随多边形阶数、幅值和运行速度中单一变量的增加而增加;扣件力幅值随多边形阶数增加变化不明显;高速下的轮轨垂向力幅值和钢轨振动加速度幅值随阶数的增加增速更快。多边形阶数、幅值和运行速度对轮轨声辐射效率的影响不明显,对轮轨声辐射功率影响较为显著。With the increasing wear of high-speed trains,polygonal wear in the circumferential direction of the wheel will occur.In order to study the influence of wheel polygons on the vibration and noise characteristics of wheel-rail structures,taking a train as an example,based on the rigid-flexible coupling dynamics theory,an accurate vehicle-track rigid-flexible coupling model was established.The high-order wheel polygon was used as the excitation input to analyze the vibration characteristics of the wheel-rail structure at high frequencies.The wheel-rail response was taken as the acoustic boundary condition,and the transient boundary element method was used to analyze the acoustic radiation characteristics of each wheel-rail subsystem.The research shows that the amplitude of wheel-rail vertical force and the amplitude of rail head vibration acceleration increase with the increase of single variable in polygon order,amplitude and running speed.The fastener force amplitude does not change significantly with the increase of polygon order.The amplitude of wheel-rail vertical force and rail vibration acceleration at high speed increase faster with the increase of order.The influence of polygon order,amplitude and running speed on wheel-rail acoustic radiation efficiency is not obvious,and the influence on wheel-rail acoustic radiation power is more significant.

关 键 词：车轮多边形 耦合模型 动力学 频率 

分 类 号：U231.4[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]