热法磷酸生产热能回收利用研究进展  

Research Progress of Heat Energy Recycling for Thermal Phosphoric Acid Production

作　　者：周双 林清菲 李欢欢 殷霞 ZHOU Shuang;LIN Qingfei;LI Huanhuan;YIN Xia(School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy,Wuhan Institute of Technology,Wuhan 430205,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉工程大学化工与制药学院,湖北武汉430205

出　　处：《云南化工》2025年第3期9-13,共5页Yunnan Chemical Technology

基　　金：武汉市重点研发计划(2023020402010622)。

摘　　要：热法磷酸工艺是我国热法基础的磷化工产业的基石。从还原磷矿石生产黄磷,黄磷氧化燃烧和五氧化二磷水化三个层次分析了该工艺的生产能耗。针对还原过程,分别从原料品味提升、黄磷炉渣和尾气热能回收利用三个角度,介绍了目前该工段节能降耗的举措进展及成效。同时,重点回顾了黄磷燃烧热和五氧化二磷水化过程反应热的回收利用的国内研究现状,归纳出目前该段工艺存在水化热能和终端尾气热量利用率低,及全热能回收利用技术不足等问题。在此基础上,指出优化热法磷酸生产的每一个环节,采用热法磷酸与湿法磷酸共生耦合、协同发展,从全系统角度探寻一条氧化水合的全热能回收利用的技术路线,对实现热法基础磷化工产业的高效节能降耗意义重大。Thermal phosphoric acid process is the cornerstone of China s phosphorus chemical industry based on thermal method.The production energy consumption of the process is analyzed at three levels:production of yellow phosphorus from reduced phosphorus ore,oxidative combustion of yellow phosphorus and hydration of phosphorus pentoxide.For the reduction process,the progress and effectiveness of the current energy saving and consumption reduction initiatives in the section are introduced from the three perspectives of raw material taste enhancement,yellow phosphorus slag and tail gas heat recycling,respectively.At the same time,it focuses on reviewing the current status of domestic research on the recycling of yellow phosphorus combustion heat and reaction heat in the hydration process of phosphorus pentoxide,and summarizes the problems of low utilization rate of hydration heat and terminal tail gas heat,and insufficient technology of total heat recycling in this section of the process at present.On this basis,the summary points out that optimizing each link of thermal phosphoric acid production,adopting symbiotic coupling and synergistic development of thermal phosphoric acid and wet phosphoric acid,and exploring a technical route of full thermal energy recycling of oxidative hydration from the perspective of the whole system are of great significance for realizing high efficiency and energy saving and reduction of consumption of the thermal basic phosphorus chemical industry.

关 键 词：热法磷酸 黄磷 磷酸 节能降耗 热能回收利用 

分 类 号：TQ126.3[化学工程—无机化工]