云南儒学发展的地方能动性——以清代盐课提举司争取科举学额为例  

Local Agency in Yunnan Confucianism:The Case of the Pursuit of Imperial Examination Quotas by the Salt Tax Administration Office

作　　者：李陶红 张艳萍 LI Taohong;ZHANG Yanping

机构地区：[1]大理大学民族文化研究院

出　　处：《盐业史研究》2025年第1期57-66,共10页Salt Industry History Research

基　　金：云南省中青年学术和技术带头人后备人才项目“云南盐业古镇古村类型学与乡村振兴建设研究”(项目编号:202205AC160002);贵州省哲学社会科学规划国学单列课题“科举移民与儒学在西南的传播——以文庙为主题的研究”(项目编号:20GZGX05)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：黑盐井、白盐井、琅盐井是云南重要的三大盐井,三井以卤代耕、因盐而兴。三井因盐而置云南盐业管理机构——盐课提举司。三井在非政区向政区化转变的背景下,发起了系列科举学额的争取。三井从康熙四十五年(1706)获得直隶,到雍正二年设学,到乾隆十三年至三十五年增加学额,再到乾隆五十八年的免府试,其儒学获得良好的外部环境支持,得以体系化发展,并且迎来发展的高峰。三井科举学额的争取,提供了地方儒学发展既受制于行政建制又得以跳脱行政建制束缚的个案。这一过程背后有地方能动性作为推力,在以地方为主体的儒学发展过程中,地方与国家形成明确的互构关系。The Black Salt Well,White Salt Well and Lang Salt Well—three major Yunnan salt wells administered by salt tax commissariats—transitioned from non-administrative zones to quasi-administrative entities.From the 45th year of Kangxi’s reign(1706)to the 58th year of Qianlong’s reign(1793),these regions secured direct governance status,established schools,expanded examination quotas and exempted prefectural exams,fostering systemic Confucian development.The struggle for Imperial Examination quotas provides a case of how the development of local Confucianism was both constrained by and able to break free from administrative structures.Behind this process,local agency acted as a driving force.In the development of Confucianism with localities as the main body,a clear inter-constitutive relationship was formed between the local and the national.

关 键 词：盐课提举司 科举学额 地方能动性 互构 

分 类 号：K249[历史地理—历史学]