基于分布式水文水动力耦合模型的秦淮河流域洪水模拟  

Flood simulation in the Qinhuai River Basin based on a coupled distributed hydrological and hydrodynamic model

作　　者：王雨洁 李致家[1] 姚成[1] 牛颢然 WANG Yujie;LI Zhijia;YAO Cheng;NIU Haoran(College of Hydrology and Water Resources,Hohai University,Nanjing 210098,China)

机构地区：[1]河海大学水文水资源学院,江苏南京210098

出　　处：《河海大学学报(自然科学版)》2025年第2期11-18,114,共9页Journal of Hohai University(Natural Sciences)

基　　金：江苏省水利科技项目(2022002);国家自然科学基金项目(52079035)。

摘　　要：为更准确地模拟秦淮河流域洪水演进情况,采用松散耦合方法,结合水文、水动力过程,构建了分布式水文模型与一维、二维水动力耦合模型,该模型在上游采用网格新安江模型,下游则结合一维与二维水动力模型模拟复杂水流动态,在河道采用一维模型,在主要城区采用二维模型进行模拟,形成全流域的分布式水文水动力耦合模型。验证结果表明:该模型能够有效模拟2015-2020年间的5场洪水,模拟结果的平均纳什效率系数达0.932,验证了模型的高精度与可靠性。以20200713号洪水为例模拟了下游南京市城区的淹没情况,发现秦淮河下游城区多处区域(如郑淮路、凤凰东街、武定门闸区域等)存在显著淹没风险,最大淹没水深均超过0.5m。To more accurately simulate flood propagation in the Qinhuai River Basin,a loose coupling approach was employed to integrate hydrological processes with one-dimensional(1D)and two-dimensional(2D)hydrodynamic processes.A coupled distributed hydrological-hydrodynamic model was developed by combining the grid-Xin’anjiang model for upstream hydrological simulation with 1D and 2D hydrodynamic models to simulate downstream flow dynamics.Specifically,a 1D model was applied to river channels,while a 2D model was utilized to simulate flood inundation in complex urban environments.This study proposes a comprehensive distributed hydrological-hydrodynamic coupling model that effectively represents the entire basin’s behavior.The results demonstrate that the model effectively simulates five flood events from 2015 to 2020,achieving an average Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency Coefficient of 0.932,indicating high accuracy and reliability.As a case study,the 20200713 flood event was analyzed,revealing critical flood risks in areas such as Zhenghuai Road,Fenghuang East Street,and the Wudingmen Sluice area with maximum inundation depths exceeding 0.5 meters.

关 键 词：水文水动力耦合模型 洪水淹没模拟 网格新安江模型 秦淮河流域 

分 类 号：TV122.2[水利工程—水文学及水资源]