5个黑芝麻品种在江西红壤区的适应性综合评价  

Comprehensive Evaluation of Adaptability of Five Black Sesame Varieties in Jiangxi Red Soil Region

作　　者：曾细华 崔潞燕 刘宗发 王苏影 熊清云 胡文秀 喻凤琴 程春明 ZENG Xi-hua;CUI Lu-yan;LIU Zong-fa;WANG Su-ying;XIONG Qing-yun;HU Wen-xiu;YU Feng-qin;CHENG Chun-ming(Nanchang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanchang 330028,PRC)

机构地区：[1]南昌市农业科学院,江西南昌330028

出　　处：《湖南农业科学》2025年第2期22-27,共6页Hunan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：江西省花生芝麻产业技术体系(JXARS-18-赣中片);江西省农作物(芝麻)良种联合攻关项目(2023)。

摘　　要：为筛选适宜进贤县生态类型红壤旱地种植的黑芝麻品种,于2022—2023年连续2年在江西省进贤县前坊镇对5个黑芝麻品种开展品比试验。结果表明:赣芝14号、科芝三号2 a平均产量分别为861.63 kg/hm^(2)、823.16 kg/hm^(2),较金黄麻(CK)分别增产7.93%、3.11%,2个年度的播期对全生育影响极小,植株表现高抗病、抗倒伏,年度单产赣芝14号均居参试品种的首位、科芝三号2022年居第2位、2023居第3位;播期对阳光高油黑珍珠的生育期、抗病性及单位面积产量均有影响,迟播植株易感病,早播生育期延长(5 d)、产量增幅最大(102.9%);赣芝5号、赣芝11号2 个年度均较金黄麻(CK)减产,2 a平均单产分别减产8.46%、2.55%,赣芝11号早播易感病。赣芝14号、科芝三号适合进贤县生态类型地区不同播期的生产,阳光高油黑珍珠适合早播栽培,赣芝5号、赣芝11号不适合种植。To screen out the black sesame varieties suitable for planting in the red soil dryland of Jinxian County,Jiangxi Province,we compared the yields of five black sesame varieties in Qianfang Town,Jinxian County from 2022 to 2023.The results showed that 2 the average yields of'Ganzhi 14'and'Kezhi 3'in the two years were 861.63 kg/hm and 823.16 kg/hm^(2),respectively,which were 7.93%and 3.11%higher than that of'Jinhuangma'(CK).The sowing date had a minimal impact on the entire growth period,with the plants showing high resistance to diseases and lodging.The annual yield per unit area of'Ganzhi 14'was the highest among the tested varieties,and that of'Kezhi 3'ranked second in 2022 and third in 2023.The sowing date affected the growth period,disease resistance,and yield per unit area of'Yangguanggaoyouheizhenzhu'.Late sowing made the plants more susceptible to diseases,while early sowing prolonged the growth period by 5 days and achieved the highest yield increase(102.9%).In 2022 and 2023,both'Ganzhi 5'and'Ganzhi 11'had lower yields than CK,with the average yield per unit area reductions of 8.46%and 2.55%,respectively.'Ganzhi 11'was susceptible to diseases when being sown early.'Ganzhi 14'and'Kezhi 3'were suitable for production on different sowing dates in Jinxian County.'Yangguanggaoyouheizhenzhu'was suitable for early sowing,while'Ganzhi 5'and'Ganzhi 11'were not suitable for planting in this area.

关 键 词：黑芝麻 品种 适应性 产量 

分 类 号：S565.3[农业科学—作物学]