微生物异化硝酸盐还原产铵的环境驱动因子及其强化技术研究进展  

Research Progress on Environmental Driving Factors and Strengthening Techniques for Dissimilatory Nitrate Reduction to Ammonium by microbial dissimilation

作　　者：何腾霞 尹梦圆 江龙[1,2,3] 王侧容 金城涛 彭益丹 周歧敏 HE Tengxia;YIN Mengyuan;JIANG Long;WANG Cerong;JIN Chengtao;PENG Yidan;ZHOU Qimin(College of Life Sciences,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China;Institute of Agro-bioengineering,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China;Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region(Ministry of Education),Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学生命科学学院,贵州贵阳550025 [2]贵州大学农业生物工程研究院,贵州贵阳550025 [3]贵州大学山地植物资源保护与种质创新教育部重点实验室,贵州贵阳550025

出　　处：《贵州大学学报(自然科学版)》2025年第2期11-26,共16页Journal of Guizhou University:Natural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金地区科学基金资助项目(42167019);贵州大学科研创新团资助项目(贵州科创团[2024]06号)。

摘　　要：硝态氮可通过微生物异化还原为铵态氮与气态氮,其中微生物驱动的异化硝酸盐还原为铵(DNRA)过程是土壤保留氮素的重要途径,已成为近些年的研究热点。然而,环境因子如重金属、氧化还原电位、C/N、铁等会影响硝态氮的还原流向,因此,明确驱动微生物实现DNRA代谢的环境因子与强化微生物DNRA代谢过程的相关技术对土壤保留氮素至关重要。基于此,本文综述微生物进行DNRA和反硝化协同竞争机制,系统分析了环境因子对微生物DNRA代谢的影响及调控机理,综合分析了强化微生物DNRA代谢过程相关技术,并总结强调了当前研究微生物DNRA代谢所面临的挑战与局限性,为后续进一步提高DNRA代谢强度和土壤氮素能力提供研究方向。Nitrate nitrogen can be reduced to ammonium nitrogen and gaseous nitrogen through microbial dissimilatory reduction.In this process,the microbial-driven dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium(DNRA)pathway plays a vital role in soil nitrogen retention and has emerged as a focal point of research in recent years.Nevertheless,various environmental factors,including heavy metals,redox potential,C/N ratio,and iron content,can exert an influence on the reduction pathway of nitrate nitrogen.Consequently,elucidates the environmental factors that prompt microorganisms to engage in DNRA metabolism,as well as the associated technologies that can enhance the microbial DNRA metabolic process,which is of critical importance for soil nitrogen retention.Against this backdrop,this paper reviews the mechanisms underlying the synergistic competition between DNRA and denitrification among microorganisms,systematically analyzes the impact and regulatory mechanisms of environmental factors on microbial DNRA metabolism,comprehensively examines the technologies aimed at bolstering the microbial DNRA metabolic process,and summarizes and highlights the challenges and limitations inherent in the current research on microbial DNRA metabolism.This lays a foundation for subsequent efforts to further intensify DNRA metabolism and enhance the soil's nitrogen retention capacity.

关 键 词：DNRA 环境因素 重金属 强化机理 强化技术 

分 类 号：X522[环境科学与工程—环境工程]