界面聚合法和硅烷偶联法对聚氨酯海绵与无纺布的疏水改性研究  

Hydrophobic modification of polyurethane sponge and non-woven fabric by interfacial polymerization and silane coupling method

作　　者：殷子婷 林国照 郝丽 李楹滢 姚文沾 陈丽霞 钟细明 周新华[1] YIN Ziting;LIN Guozhao;HAO Li;LI Yingying;YAO Wenzhan;CHEN Lixia;ZHONG Ximing;ZHOU Xinhua(College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Key Laboratory of Agriculture Green Fine Chemicals of Guangdong Higher Education Institution,Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering,Guangzhou 510225,China;Rifeng Enterprise Group CO.,LTD.,Foshan 528000,China)

机构地区：[1]仲恺农业工程学院化学化工学院广东省普通高校农业绿色精细化学品重点实验室,广东广州510225 [2]日丰企业集团有限公司,广东佛山528000

出　　处：《仲恺农业工程学院学报》2025年第2期12-21,共10页Journal of Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering

基　　金：国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(202311347012);广东省大学生创新创业训练计划项目(S202211347102);国家自然科学基金(22108318)。

摘　　要：为了实现高效的油水分离,使用界面聚合法和硅烷偶联法对聚氨酯海绵(Polyurethane Sponge,PU)和无纺布(Non-Woven Fabric,FABRIC)进行疏水改性.界面聚合法是先用均苯三甲酰氯(Trimesoyl Chloride,TMC)和聚乙烯亚胺(Polyethylenimine,PET)形成聚合物,并在粗糙表面嫁接硬脂酸(Stearic Acid,SA),得到PUIP-SA海绵和FABRIC-IP-SA无纺布.硅烷偶联法是使用十六烷基三甲氧基硅烷(Hexadecyl Trimethoxysilane,HDTMS)对SiO_(2)纳米颗粒进行疏水改性,锚定疏水链段后得到FABRIC-HETMS无纺布.结果表明,PU-IP-SA海绵、FABRIC-IP-SA无纺布和FABRIC-HETMS无纺布的水接触角达到140°~143°.PU-IP-SA海绵对茶树油的吸收能力最佳(为自身质量的45.1倍),在重复6次吸收二甲基硅油后,吸油率K维持在41左右.使用硅烷偶联法制备的疏水无纺布展现出优异的疏水性,使用界面聚合法制备的疏水海绵展现出优异的超亲油性.In order to achieve an efficient separation of oil and water,the interfacial polymerization method and silane coupling method were used to modify the hydrophobic polyurethane sponge(PU)and non-woven fabric(FABRIC).The interfacial polymerization method was to formed a polymer with trimesoyl chloride(TMC)and polyethylenimine(PEI),then grafted stearic acid(SA)on the rough surface to obtained PU-IP-SA sponge and FABRIC-IP-SA non-woven fabric.The silane coupling method was to used the hexadecyl trimethoxysilane(HDTMS)to hydrophobic modified SiO_(2) nanoparticles,and then anchored the hydrophobic chain segment on the non-woven fabric to obtained FABRIC-HETMS non-woven fabric.The results indicated that the water contact angle of PU-IP-SA sponge,FABRIC-IP-SA non-woven fabric and FABRIC-HETMS non-woven fabric reached 140-143°.PU-IP-SA sponge has the largest absorption capacity for tea tree oil(45.1 times of its own weight),and the oil absorption rate K was maintained at about 41 after repeated absorption of dimethyl silicone oil for 6 times.Hydrophobic non-woven fabric prepared by silane coupling method showed excellent hydrophobicity,while the hydrophobic sponge prepared by interfacial polymerization exhibited excellent superoil properties.

关 键 词：疏水改性 油水分离 界面聚合法 硅烷偶联法 聚氨酯海绵 无纺布 

分 类 号：TQ028[化学工程] TB34[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]