坦桑尼亚大学生STEM职业兴趣及其影响因素分析——基于1497名理工科大学生的调查  

An Analysis of STEM Career Interests and Influencing Factors forTanzanian University Students-Based on a Survey of 1497 Science and Engineering Students

作　　者：鲍嵘 陈威 BAO Rong;CHEN Wei(School of Education,Zhejiang Normal University,Jinhua,Zhejiang 321004,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江师范大学教育学院,浙江金华321004

出　　处：《深圳职业技术大学学报》2025年第2期73-82,共10页Journal of Shenzhen Polytechnic University

基　　金：国家留学基金委(2022年度)“国际区域问题研究及外语高层次人才培养”项目(202207260011)。

摘　　要：STEM教育作为培养科技创新人才的有效途径,对国家经济发展和社会文明进步具有重要意义。提升大学生STEM职业兴趣可以夯实STEM教育根基,在个体受教与国家社会发展之间搭建桥梁。通过对坦桑尼亚达累斯萨拉姆大学1497名理工科大学生的调查,研究从个体和环境两方面探讨影响大学生STEM职业兴趣的因素,分析指出当前坦桑尼亚主要面临职业性别偏见、STEM专业结构与产业结构双重失衡、家庭职业教育缺位、城乡教育场域隔离、STEM专业门槛设置过高和学业倦怠等六方面问题。而要想突破瓶颈,既需要家庭参与、学校支持,更需要社会的协同合作,从而助力坦桑尼亚STEM人才培养和工业化发展进程。STEM education serves as an effective pathway for cultivating scientific and technological innovation talent,holding significant importance for national economic development and social progress.Enhancing university students'interest in STEM careers can strengthen the foundation of STEM education and bridge individual educational experiences with national development imperatives.Through a survey of 1497 science and engineering students at the University of Dar es Salaam in Tanzania,this study examines factors influencing students'STEM career interests from both individual and environmental perspectives.The analysis identifies six key challenges facing Tanzania:occupational gender bias,dual imbalance between STEM academic disciplines and industrial structure,absence of family vocational guidance,urban-rural educational disparities,elevated threshold to STEM specializations,and academic burnout.To overcome these challenges,coordinated efforts involving family engagement,institutional support,and social collaboration are necessary to advance Tanzania's STEM talent development and industrialization process.

关 键 词：坦桑尼亚 STEM职业兴趣 理工科大学生 

分 类 号：G64[文化科学—高等教育学]