抗菌肽对奶牛生产性能、表观消化率、血清指标的影响  

Effects of antimicrobial peptides on performance,apparent digestibility,and serum indexes of dairy cows

作　　者：陈火兰 钱远军 黄炜乾 江明生[1] 林波[1,5] 李梦梅 CHEN Huolan;QIAN Yuanjun;HUANG Weiqian;JIANG Mingsheng;LIN Bo;LI Mengmei(College of animal science and technology,Guangxi University,Nanning,Guangxi 530004,China;Guangxi Shibu dairy sightseeing ranch limited liability company,Guangxi Shibu dairy sightseeing ranch limited liability company,Chongzuo,Guangxi 532200,China;Guangdong Rongda Biological Co.,Ltd.,Qingyuan,Guangdong Province 511500,China;Graduate School,Guangxi University,Nanning,Guangxi 530004,China;Science and Technology Backyard of Guangxi Fusui Dairy Industry,Chongzuo,Guangxi 532100,China)

机构地区：[1]广西大学动物科学技术学院,广西南宁530004 [2]广西石埠乳业观光牧场有限责任公司,广西崇左532200 [3]广东容大生物股份有限公司,广东清远511500 [4]广西大学研究生院,广西南宁530004 [5]广西扶绥乳业科技小院,广西崇左532100

出　　处：《中国饲料》2025年第5期96-103,共8页China Feed

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系广西肉牛肉羊创新团队科学养殖岗(nycytxgxcxtd-2021-09-03)。

摘　　要：抗菌肽作为一种具有抗菌活性的微生物制剂,在动物养殖中被广泛应用并发挥着一定作用。本试验旨在探究抗菌肽对中国高产荷斯坦奶牛生产性能、饲料养分表观消化率、血清抗氧化、免疫、生化指标的影响。试验将40头泌乳天数(75±15)d、胎次1~2胎、产奶量(42±8)kg的健康中国荷斯坦奶牛,随机分为对照组、抗菌肽组两个处理组,每组20个重复。对照组奶牛仅饲喂基础日粮,抗菌肽组奶牛每天在基础日粮中添加900 g/t的抗菌肽,共开展饲养试验75 d(其中预饲期14 d,正饲期61 d)。结果表明:在生产性能方面,抗菌肽组奶牛的日均产奶量为42.56 kg,极显著高于对照组(P<0.01),群内级别指数为116.24,显著高于对照组(P<0.05);第3、4、5、7周平均产奶量均显著高于对照组(P<0.05);在第8、9、10周平均产奶量均极显著高于对照组(P<0.01);在牛乳指标上,抗菌肽对乳脂肪、乳蛋白含量有一定提高作用,但差异不显著(P>0.05),体细胞数(SCC)为12.5万/mL,显著低于对照组(P<0.05);在养分表观消化率上,抗菌肽组奶牛对饲料中粗蛋白质表观消化率为77.72%、淀粉的表观消化率为93.46%,均显著高于对照组(P<0.05);在血清抗氧化方面,抗菌肽组奶牛的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)水平为127.15 U/mL,显著高于对照组(P<0.05),总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)、丙二醛(MDA)水平则与对照组无显著差异(P>0.05);在血清免疫方面,抗菌肽组的免疫球蛋白M(IgM)含量为3.2 g/L,显著高于对照组(P<0.05);在血清生化方面,抗菌肽组奶牛的A/G为1.14、血糖(Glu)浓度为3.11 mmol/L,均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。由试验结果推断,抗菌肽可能通过提高机体物质代谢能力、免疫水平以及饲料的养分表观消化率,进而提高奶牛的生产性能。Antimicrobial peptides,as a kind of microbial preparation with antibacterial activity,have been widely used in animal breeding and play a certain role.This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of antimicrobial peptides on performance,apparent digestibility of feed nutrients,serum antioxidants,and immune and biochemical indexes of high-yield Holstein dairy cows in China.Forty healthy Chinese Holstein cows with similar lactation days[(75±15)d],parity(1~2 parities),and milk yield[(42±8)kg]were randomly divided into two treatment groups,a control group,and an antimicrobial peptide group,with 20 replicates in each group.The cows in the control group were fed only the basal diet,and the cows in the antimicrobial peptide group were fed 900 g/t of antimicrobial peptide based on the basal diet every day,and the feeding experiment was carried out for a total of 75 days(including 14 days in the pre-feeding period and 61 days in the normal feeding period).The results showed as follows:In terms of production performance,the average daily milk yield of dairy cows in the antimicrobial peptide group was 42.56 kg,which was significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.01),and the intra-group grade index was 116.24,which was significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.05).The average milk yield at 3,4,5,7 weeks was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).The average milk yield at 8,9,10 weeks was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.01).In terms of milk indexes,AMPs had certain effects on milk fat and milk protein contents,but the differences were not significant(P>0.05),and the somatic cell count(SCC)was 125000/mL,which was significantly lower than that of the control group(P<0.05).In terms of nutrient apparent digestibility,the apparent digestibility of crude protein and starch in the antimicrobial peptide group was 77.72%and 93.46%,respectively,which were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).In terms of serum antioxidants,the l

关 键 词：荷斯坦奶牛 抗菌肽 生产性能 表观消化率 抗氧化免疫 血清生化 

分 类 号：S816.7[农业科学—饲料科学]