粉末床熔融成形18Ni300合金的性能一致性研究  

Study on consistency of properties of 18Ni300 alloy fabricated by laser powder bed fusion

作　　者：张长春 闫琴 李华 倪允强 孙玉成 孟晓曦 张军利 ZHANG Changchun;YAN Qin;LI Hua;NI Yunqiang;SUN Yucheng;MENG Xiaoxi;ZHANG Junli(Weichai Power Co.,Ltd.,Weifang 261061,Shandong,China)

机构地区：[1]潍柴动力股份有限公司,山东潍坊261061

出　　处：《金属加工(热加工)》2025年第3期151-160,共10页MW Metal Forming

摘　　要：马氏体时效钢强度高、韧性好,在航天航空、石油化工、海洋装备等领域应用广泛。通过以18Ni300合金为研究对象,探讨了不同区域成形18Ni300合金的缺陷及性能一致性。结果表明:不同单光束区成形的试样致密度变化趋势基本一致,采用响应曲面法对各工艺参数进行了分析,获得了致密度与激光功率、扫描速度和扫描间距的关系模型,确定了优选参数。在优选参数下,整个幅面成形的18Ni300合金试样力学性能优良,且差异率低。单光束区试样抗拉强度、屈服强度和伸长率分别为1180~1186MPa、1024~1034MPa和13%,双光束区试样抗拉强度、屈服强度和伸长率分别为1166MPa、1015MPa和12%。单光束、双光束区试样的抗拉强度、屈服强度和伸长率差异率分别为1.1%、0.9%和5.2%,表现出很好的一致性。打印过程中断再续接在中断处会产生台阶痕迹,拉伸性能轻微降低。Martensitic aging steel has high strength and excellent toughness,and is widely used in aerospace,petrochemical,marine equipment and other fields.Taking 18Ni300 alloy as the research object,the defects and properties of 18Ni300 alloy fabricated in different areas were discussed in this paper.The results showed that the variation trend of the density of the samples fabricated in different single-laser areas was basically the same.The response surface method was used to analyze the process parameters,and the relationship model between the density and the laser power,scanning speed and hatch distance was obtained,and the preferred parameters were determined.Under the preferred parameters,the mechanical properties of the 18Ni300 samples fabricated in the whole area were excellent and the difference rate was low.The tensile strength,yield strength and elongation of the samples in the single-laser area were 1180~1186MPa,1024~1034MPa and 13%,respectively,and those of the samples in the dual-laser area were 1166MPa,1015MPa and 12%,respectively.The difference rates of tensile strength,yield strength and elongation in the single-laser and dual-laser areas were 1.1%,0.9%and 5.2%,respectively,showing good consistency.If the printing process was interrupted and then resumed,a step mark would be generated at the break,and the tensile property would be slightly reduced.

关 键 词：18Ni300合金 工艺参数 致密度 双光束 力学性能 打印中断 

分 类 号：TG142.1[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]