已公开个人信息处理规则及其重构  

Rules of the Processing of Publicly Disclosed Personal Information and Their Restructuring

作　　者：丁道勤 Ding Daoqin

机构地区：[1]北京航空航天大学人文与社会科学高等研究院科技治理研究中心

出　　处：《政法论坛》2025年第2期47-57,共11页Tribune of Political Science and Law

摘　　要：已公开个人信息的不当处理易引发隐私保护、不正当竞争、侵害公民个人信息违法犯罪、数据安全和国家安全风险等法律问题,其具体处理与利用规则仍存在诸多有待明晰之处,如个人自行公开的范围和公开主体的判定存在一定难度、其处理是否需要符合“初始目的原则”、是否遵循一般个人信息的知情同意原则、大模型场景下如何维护公开个人信息保护利用和公共利益平衡、未成年人公开信息的二次利用的风险防范等。因此,为促进已公开个人信息的流通利用,我国未来人工智能法在做好与民法典个人信息保护法等的衔接基础上,规定专门章节,从“上下文”善意目的限制原则、符合合理隐私期待、人格权益和未成年人优先保护、不产生实质性替代效果和FRAND授权原则、维护社会公共利益平衡等方面重构已公开个人信息处理利用规则。The improper processing of publicly disclosed personal information can lead to legal issues such as privacy protection breaches,unfair competition,crimes against citizens'personal information rights,data security risks,and threats to national security.However,the specific rules governing the processing and utilization of publicly disclosed personal information remain to be clarified in many aspects,for example,there are difficulties in determining the scope of disclosure by the individual himself or herself and the subject of disclosure,whether the processing of such information needs to comply with the"Initial Purpose Principle",whether to follow the principle of informed consent for general personal information,how to maintain the balance between the protection and utilization of publicly disclosed personal information and the public interest under the large model scenario,and the risk prevention of the secondary utilization of minors'publicly disclosed information.Therefore,to promote the circulation and utilization of publicly disclosed personal information,China's future Artificial Intelligence Law,on the basis of good convergence with the Civil Code and the Personal Information Protection Law,should stipulate special chapters to reconstruct the rules on the processing and utilization of publicly disclosed personal information in terms of the principle of limiting the bona fide purpose of the"context",conforming to the reasonable expectation of privacy,giving priority to the protection of personality rights and interests and the protection of minors,the principle of not producing a substantial substitution effect,the principle of FRAND authorization,and maintaining the balance of social public interests.

关 键 词：生成式人工智能 已公开个人信息 合法性基础 规则重构 

分 类 号：D922.16[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学] D923[政治法律—法学]