刑事一体化视域中单位犯罪“名誉罚”应对模式研究  

Research on the Response Model to the"Reputational Penalty"of Unit Crime from the Perspective of Criminal Integration

作　　者：刘沛泉 Liu Peiquan

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学纪检监察学院

出　　处：《政法论坛》2025年第2期158-169,共12页Tribune of Political Science and Law

基　　金：中国人民大学科学研究基金“健全推动经济高质量发展体制机制研究——以单位犯罪诉讼程序的建构为中心”(24XNQZ11)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：涉罪单位进入刑事诉讼程序或被定罪本身会遭受“名誉罚”,名誉罚的不确定性在一定程度上造成了刑罚对单位犯罪的威慑失灵,导致对单位施加刑罚的一般预防功能难以实现。降低名誉罚的不确定性对单位刑事制裁一致性影响的模式有三种,分别是通过对涉罪单位进行适法整改来替代刑罚的“非罪化处理”模式;对单位犯罪主体的类型进行区分,在立法上预先将不同类型的单位进入刑事诉讼程序或定罪可能遭受的“名誉罚”进行扣除的“类型化区分”模式;允许法官在量刑时对涉罪单位在诉讼程序中所受名誉罚予以估算抵扣的“量刑裁量”模式。未来应当将三种模式有机结合,以应对“名誉罚”造成的单位刑罚威慑过度与威慑不足。Offending units face"Reputational Penalties"upon entering criminal proceedings or being convicted.The uncertainty of these penalties undermines the deterrent effect of criminal sanctions on unit crimes,hindering their general preventive function.To address this,three models are proposed:(1)the"Non-criminal Disposition"model,substituting penalties with lawful rectification;(2)the"Typification Distinction"model,which deducts potential reputational penalties in legislation based on entity types;and(3)the"Sentencing Discretion"'model,allowing judges to estimate and offset reputational penalties during sentencing.A combined approach integrating these models is recommended to balance excessive and insufficient deterrence caused by reputational penalties.

关 键 词：单位犯罪 名誉罚 刑罚替代措施 参与善 共同利益 

分 类 号：D92[政治法律—法学]