国际关系伦理学与“中国学派”  

International Relations Ethics and“Chinese School”

作　　者：余潇枫[1] Yu Xiaofeng

机构地区：[1]浙江大学非传统安全和平发展研究中心,杭州310058

出　　处：《国际观察》2025年第1期52-75,共24页International Review

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“非传统安全风险与全球治理”(项目批准号:24&ZD296)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：人工智能的迅猛发展与全球化的深入推进,正深刻改变人类的生存方式,推动人类进入一个“大伦理”时代。伦理道德是人之为人的行动准则所在,也是社会何以成为社会的价值依托所在。以伦理视域来观照国际社会的发展是国际关系研究价值提升的必然途径。国际关系理论的伦理取向主要有四种类型:强道德主义、弱道德主义、新道德主义、道德全球主义。“中国学派”为国际关系理论增添了新的“伦理向度”,即和合主义,并为中国伦理思想的世界性转型、现代性转化与当代性建构做出了重要贡献。国际关系中的伦理冲突与现实困境,引发了学界的深入思考与伦理反思,也正因“中国学派”的创生与实践,使国际关系伦理学范式建构与全球和合治理成为可能。西方的“帕累托最优”之解是在不损害他人的前提下发展自我,而“孔子最优”之解是在帮助他人发展的前提下发展自我,这就是和合主义的价值核心之所在。“全球和合治理”突破了无政府逻辑与传统国家安全观,以和平、和解、和合为核心保障世界新发展格局,最终实现“和合为本”与“向善求治”的价值追求。The development of artificial intelligence and the deepening of globalization are transforming the way humans live,ushering humanity into an era of“grand ethics.”Ethics and morality serve as the guiding principles of human actions and the foundational values upon which society rests.Viewing the development of the international community through an ethical perspective is an inevitable pathway for enhancing the value of international relations research.The ethical orientations in international relations theory can be classified into four main types:strong moralism,weak moralism,new moralism,and moral globalism.The“Chinese School”has added a new“ethical dimension”to international relations theory:peace-cooperativism,contributing significantly to the global transformation,modernization,and contemporary construction of Chinese ethical thought.The ethical conflicts and dilemmas in international relations have triggered profound theoretical reflections and ethical considerations among international relations scholars.It is precisely the emergence and practice of the“Chinese School”that has made the construction of an international relations ethics paradigm and global-governance by peace-cooperativismpossible.The Western“Pareto Optimality”solution emphasizes the development of oneself without harming others,while the“Confucian Optimality”solution,central to?peace-cooperativism,emphasizes developing oneself while helping others.This reflects the core value of?peace-cooperativism.“Global-Governance by peace-cooperativism”transcends the logic of anarchy and traditional concepts of national security,using peace,reconciliation,and harmony to safeguard the new global development framework.In doing so,it achieves the value pursuit of“harmony as the foundation”and seeking good governance through virtue.

关 键 词：国际关系伦理 “中国学派” 和合主义 “孔子最优” 全球和合治理 

分 类 号：D80[政治法律—政治学]