中国公共政策执行中的治理技术工具化——基于近二十年“项目下乡”实践的历时性考察  

Toolization of Governance Technology in the Implementation of Public Policies in China——A Diachronic Investigation Based on the Practice of"Project Going to the Countryside"in the Past Two Decades

作　　者：谭九生[1] 贾晓港 Tan Jiusheng;Jia Xiaogang(School of Public Administration of Xiangtan University,Xiangtan 411105)

机构地区：[1]湘潭大学公共管理学院,湘潭411105

出　　处：《中国行政管理》2025年第1期66-76,共11页Chinese Public Administration

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“人工智能嵌入政府治理的伦理风险及其防范研究”(编号:20BZZ089);国家社会科学基金青年项目“生命历程视角下农村老年人的健康风险及其防范研究”(编号:24CSH111);湖南省研究生科研创新项目“党建引领县乡村‘三级联动’治理的实现机制与优化路径研究”(编号:CX20240630)。

摘　　要：治理技术工具化是指在公共政策执行中将治理技术当作政策工具来使用的行为过程。基于本土政策执行实际,纳入“制度-技术-文化”的分析框架,构建出不同于既有研究的全新政策工具分类图谱,并根据近二十年“项目下乡”的实践历程,初步解析了治理技术作为一种政策工具的经验可能。研究发现,项目下乡进程中的政策执行采用了现有政策工具所没有包含的多种治理技术,其中制度性、技术性和文化性治理技术发挥了富有治理效能的工具作用。是故,把项目下乡作为方法,以国家减贫行动和乡村振兴战略作为经验材料,进一步论证了三种治理技术的工具性实践,及其所呈现的结构动能、化简功能和柔性势能等不同于旧有政策工具的区别性特征。提出治理技术工具化,不仅能够有效揭示治理技术与政策工具之间的内在联系,还有助于深化对治理技术的学科认识和拓宽政策工具的研究视野。The toolization of governance technology refers to the behavioral process of using governance technology as a policy tool in the implementation of public policies.Based on the actual implementation of local policies,incorporating the analysis framework of"institution-technology-culture",a new policy tool classification map different from existing research was constructed,and based on the practical experience of"Projects Going to the Countryside"in the past two decades,the possibility of governance technology as a policy tool were preliminarily analyzed.Research has found that policy implementation in the process of Projects Going to the Countryside has adopted various governance techniques that are not included in existing policy tools,among which institutional,technical,and cultural governance technologies have played a powerful role with rich governance effectiveness.Therefore,by taking the Projects Going to the Countryside as a method and using the National Poverty Reduction Action and Rural Revitalization Strategy as case materials,this paper further demonstrates the policy tool practice of three governance technologies,as well as their distinctive features such as structural momentum,simplification function,and flexible potential energy that differ from existing policy tools.Proposing the toolization of governance technology not only can effectively reveals the inherent connection between governance technology and policy tools,but also helps deepen the disciplinary understanding of governance technology and expand the research perspective of policy tools.

关 键 词：治理技术 政策工具 治理技术工具化 公共政策执行 项目下乡 

分 类 号：D035[政治法律—政治学]