中国老年人药用植物消费状况及影响因素分析  

Analysis on medicinal plant consumption and its associated factors in Chinese elderly people

作　　者：李志强[1] 王雪峰 刘建平[1] Li Zhiqiang;Wang Xuefeng;Liu Jianping(Centre for Evidence-Based Chinese Medicine,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine,Beijing 100029,China)

机构地区：[1]北京中医药大学循证医学中心,北京100029

出　　处：《国际中医中药杂志》2025年第2期177-183,共7页International Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine

基　　金：国家中医药管理局中医药创新团队及人才支持计划项目(ZYYCXTD-C-202006);国家中医药管理局高水平中医药重点学科建设项目——循证中医(ZYYZDXK-2023249)。

摘　　要：目的了解中国老年人药用植物消费状况,并探讨相关影响因素。方法提取2018年“中国老年健康与家庭幸福调查(CLHLS-HF)”横断面调查数据中23个省、自治区、直辖市的完成药用植物消费应答、身体测量等数据调查的65岁及以上老年人相关数据,采用χ^(2)检验和多因素Logistic回归分析其药用植物消费情况及影响因素。结果在纳入的15442人中,80岁以上者9750人,其中≥100岁者2825人。16.3%(2522/15442)的老年人偶尔及经常消费药用植物,其中男性比例高于女性,城市高于农村,低龄高于高龄(P<0.001或P<0.05);参与调查地区中偶尔及经常消费药用植物的老年人比例超过25.0%的有10个,其中排名前3位依次为广东省40.5%(380/939)、上海市36.1%(229/634)、浙江省28.6%(163/569)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,影响老年人药用植物消费水平因素中,≥100岁老年人[OR(95%CI)为1.361(1.098,1.688),P=0.005]、男性[OR(95%CI)为1.194(1.051,1.358),P=0.005]、汉族[OR(95%CI)为1.374(1.160,1.627),P=0.005]、城市居民[OR(95%CI)为1.917(1.697,2.167),P=0.005]、小学[OR(95%CI)为1.375(1.183,1.598),P<0.001]或初中及以上文化[OR(95%CI)为2.061(1.764,2.408),P<0.001]、饮酒[OR(95%CI)为1.208(1.029,1.418),P=0.021]、锻炼[OR(95%CI)为1.490(1.325,1.675),P<0.001]、经常摄入水果[OR(95%CI)为1.213(1.060,1.388),P=0.005]、经常[OR(95%CI)为4.149(3.563,4.830),P<0.001]或偶尔[OR(95%CI)为5.593(4.926,6.350),P<0.001]摄入维生素、经常[OR(95%CI)为2.296(2.007,2.628),P<0.001]或偶尔[OR(95%CI)为3.030(2.589,3.545),P<0.001]饮茶、共病(≥2种)[OR(95%CI)为1.343(1.179,1.529),P<0.001]与老年人偶尔及经常消费药用植物呈正相关,肥胖[OR(95%CI)为0.697(0.548,0.888),P=0.003]、抽烟[OR(95%CI)为0.746(0.627,0.887),P=0.001]与老年人偶尔及经常消费药用植物呈负相关。结论我国老年人偶尔及经常消费药用植物比例较高,但尚不明确是基于中国中医药文化的独特背景,还是反映出老年人Objective To understand the current status of medicinal plant consumption in Chinese elderly people;To explore associated influencing factors.Methods Data were obtained from the 2018 cross-sectional survey of the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Study(CLHLS)of(CLHLS-HF).Individuals aged 65 and above from 23 provinces(autonomous region,municipalities),who had completed the medicinal plant consumption response survey along with other parameters such as physical measurements,were selected as the study subjects.Theχ^(2) analysis and multiple Logistic regression were used to analyse the medicinal plant consumption among the elderly and its influencing factors.Results A total of 15442 people were included.Among them,9750 were aged 80 and above,and 2825 were aged 100 and above.16.3%of Chinese elderly people reported occasional or frequent consumption of medicinal plants,with a higher proportion among males compared to females,urban residents compared to rural residents,and younger age groups compared to elderly groups(P<0.001 or P<0.05).Among the 23 provinces(autonomous region,municipalities)surveyed nationwide,the proportion of elderly people who occasionally or frequently consume medicinal plants was over 25.0%in 10 regions.Guangdong,Shanghai,and Zhejiang ranked the top three,with percentages of 40.5%(380/939),36.1%(229/634),and 28.6%(163/569),respectively.Multiple Logistic regression analysis revealed that factors influencing the level of medicinal plant consumption among the elderly included being a centenarian[OR(95%CI)=1.361(1.098,1.688),P=0.005],male[OR(95%CI)=1.194(1.051,1.358),P=0.005],Han nationality[OR(95%CI)=1.374(1.160,1.627),P=0.005],urban residence[OR(95%CI)=1.917(1.697,2.167),P=0.005],middle school education or higher education[OR(95%CI)=2.061(1.764,2.408),P<0.001],and elementary school[OR(95%CI)=1.375(1.183,1.598),P<0.001],current alcohol consumption[OR(95%CI)=1.208(1.029,1.418),P=0.021],current exercise[OR(95%CI)=1.490(1.325,1.675),P<0.001],regular fruit intake[OR(95%CI)=1.213(1.060,1.388),P=0.0

关 键 词：老年人 药用植物 影响因素 药膳同源 横断面研究 

分 类 号：R282[医药卫生—中药学]