松嫩平原西部草地土壤有机质含量预测  

Prediction of soil organic matter content in the grassland of the western Songnen Plain

作　　者：薄延素 李昊明 王葛霏 温惠清 石振宇 李晓燕[1] Bo Yansu;Li Haoming;Wang Gefei;Wen Huiqing;Shi Zhenyu;Li Xiaoyan(College of Earth Sciences,Jilin University,Changchun 130061,China;Zhungeer Banner Natural Resources Bureau,Ordos,Inner Mongolia 010300,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林大学地球科学学院,长春130061 [2]准格尔旗自然资源局,内蒙古鄂尔多斯010300

出　　处：《水土保持研究》2025年第3期63-71,共9页Research of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金“综合植被与土壤信息的松嫩平原西部草地退化遥感评价模型研究”(42171328)。

摘　　要：[目的]监测和预测草地土壤有机质(SOM)的变化,探索气候条件、地形因素及土壤理化性质等因素对土壤有机质含量的影响机制,为特定区域的土壤管理和农业生产提供科学依据。[方法]以松嫩平原西部草地为研究区,基于Google Earth Engine(GEE)云平台和Sentinel-2A多光谱遥感影像,耦合气象数据和地形数据,评估了随机森林、神经网络和梯度提升树模型的预测性,选择最优模型生成了松嫩平原西部草地土壤有机质分布图,并分析了土壤有机质分布的影响因素。[结果](1)基于Sentinel-2数据的神经网络模型在松嫩平原西部草地土壤有机质含量预测中具有较好的适用性;(2)松嫩平原西部草地土壤有机质含量的空间分布呈现东北高西南低的分布格局,有机质含量0.016~62.058 g/kg,平均值为15.216 g/kg,总体处于中等水平;(3)气温、纬度和土壤盐碱化程度是影响土壤有机质含量的重要因素。[结论]土壤有机质空间分布呈东北高西南低的趋势,表明在年平均气温较低、纬度较高且电导率(EC)适中的地区,土壤有机质含量显著高于其他区域。[Objective]This study aims to monitor and predict changes in grassland soil organic matter(SOM)and explore the mechanisms by which climate conditions,topographic factors,and soil physicochemical properties influence SOM content,providing a scientific basis for soil management and agricultural production in specific regions.[Methods]Using the grasslands in the western Songnen Plain as the study area,the predictive performance of the Random Forest,Neural Network,and Gradient Boosting Tree models was evaluated using the Google Earth Engine(GEE)cloud platform and Sentinel-2A multispectral remote sensing images,coupled with meteorological and topographic data.The optimal model was selected to generate a SOM distribution map for the western Songnen Plain grasslands and analyzed factors influencing the distribution of SOM.[Results](1)The Neural Network model based on Sentinel-2 data was highly applicable in predicting SOM content in the western Songnen Plain grasslands.(2)The spatial distribution of SOM content in the western Songnen Plain grasslands exhibited a pattern of higher values in the northeast and low values in the southwest,with SOM content ranging from 0.016 to 62.058 g/kg and an average value of 15.216 g/kg,which was considered moderate.(3)Temperature,latitude,and soil salinization were identified as significant factors influencing SOM content.[Conclusion]The spatial distribution of SOM shows a trend of higher values in the northeast and lower values in the southwest,indicating that areas with lower average annual temperatures,higher latitudes,and moderate electrical conductivity(EC)have significantly higher SOM content than other regions.

关 键 词：土壤有机质 草地 GEE云平台 机器学习 松嫩平原西部 

分 类 号：S153.621[农业科学—土壤学]