酸雨对亚热带典型人工林细根分解和元素损失动态的影响  

Effects of acid rain on fine root decomposition and element loss in typical subtropical plantation forests

作　　者：丁咏 蒋丹丹 彭翔 李征浩 陈悦 薛仁贵 张金池[1] 刘鑫[1] Ding Yong;Jiang Dandan;Peng Xiang;Li Zhenghao;Chen Yue;Xue Rengui;Zhang Jinchi;Liu Xin(Nanjing Forestry University,College of Forestry and Grass,College of Soil and Water Conservation,Southern Modern Forestry Collaborative Innovation Center,Nanjing 210037,China;Jiangsu Water Conservancy Engineering Technology Consulting Co.,Ltd.,Nanjing 210029,China;Jiangsu Yancheng National Rare Bird Nature Reserve Management Office,Yancheng,Jiangsu 224000,China)

机构地区：[1]南京林业大学林草学院水土保持学院南方现代林业协同创新中心,南京210037 [2]江苏省水利工程科技咨询股份有限公司,南京210029 [3]江苏盐城国家级珍禽自然保护区管理处,江苏盐城224000

出　　处：《水土保持研究》2025年第3期72-80,90,共10页Research of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：百山祖国家公园科学研究项目(2021ZDLY01);江苏省自然科学基金青年项目(BK20200785);江苏高校优势学科建设工程项目(PAPD)。

摘　　要：[目的]探究酸雨对亚热带麻栎和杉木人工林细根分解和元素损失动态的影响,为人工林经营管理提供理论依据,促进单一人工林可持续发展。[方法]以江苏南京铜山林场长势一致的两种不同树种(麻栎和杉木)为对象,每个树种共设置4种处理:S1(pH4.5)、S2(pH3.5)和S3(pH2.5)和对照CK(pH6.6),比较分析酸雨对两种不同人工林树种细根分解和元素损失动态的影响。[结果](1)酸雨处理显著影响土壤微生物群落,尤其是显著增加了麻栎和杉木人工林土壤微生物群落的差异。(2)酸雨明显降低了细根的分解率,其中,强酸型酸雨(pH2.5)分别显著降低麻栎和杉木人工林分解率15.15%和8.75%,并且,无论是强酸型酸雨还是弱酸型酸雨处理,均对麻栎人工林细根分解的抑制作用强于杉木人工林(p<0.05)。(3)麻栎人工林细根分解对土壤微生物群落的敏感性高于杉木人工林。(4)酸雨对细根质量损失的显著抑制作用仅出现在麻栎人工林中(p<0.05)酸雨明显降低了分解过程中C,N,K,Ca和Mg的损失,而麻栎和杉木人工林中细根的残留量与残留的C和K密切相关。[结论]酸雨会对土壤微生物群落和细根的分解产生深远影响,其影响取决于人工林的类型。其中,酸雨对麻栎人工林细根分解的抑制作用强于杉木人工林,麻栎人工林细根分解对土壤微生物的敏感性高于杉木人工林。[Objective]This study aims to investigate the effects of acid rain on fine root decomposition and element loss dynamics in subtropical Quercus acutissima and Cunninghamia lanceolata plantations,providing theoretical support for the plantation management and promoting the sustainable development of single plantation forests.[Methods]Two different tree species(Q.acutissima and C.lanceolata)with consistent growth were selected from the Tongshan Forest Farm in Nanjing,Jiangsu Province.Four treatments were set for each species:S1(pH 4.5),S2(pH 3.5)and S3(pH 2.5),and a control CK(pH 6.6).The effects of acid rain on fine root decomposition and element loss dynamics in the two plantations were compared and analyzed.[Results](1)Acid rain treatment significantly influenced soil microbial communities,especially increasing the differences between the Q.acutissima and C.lanceolata plantations.(2)Acid rain significantly decreased the decomposition rate of fine roots.Strong acid rain(pH 2.5)significantly reduced the decomposition rates in the Q.acutissima and C.lanceolata plantations by 15.15%and 8.75%,respectively.Moreover,both strong and weak acid rain treatments suppressed fine root decomposition in the Q.acutissima plantation more than in the C.lanceolata plantation(p<0.05).(3)Fine-root decomposition in the Q.acutissima plantation was more sensitive to soil microbial communities than in the C.lanceolata plantation.(4)Significant suppression of fine root mass loss due to acid rain was only observed in the Q.acutissima plantation(p<0.05).Acid rain significantly reduced the loss of C,N,K,Ca,and Mg during decomposition,and the residual mass of fine roots in both Q.acutissima and C.lanceolata plantations was closely associated with residual C and K.[Conclusions]Acid rain has a profound impact on soil microbial communities and fine root decomposition.The extent of its effects depends on the types of plantation forests.Acid rain has a stronger suppressive effect on fine root decomposition in the Q.acutissima plantation than in the

关 键 词：酸雨 土壤微生物群落 细根分解 人工林 

分 类 号：S718.5[农业科学—林学]