草本枯落物厚度对风沙土壤真菌群落结构及其理化性质的影响  

Influence of herbaceous litter thickness on fungal community structure and physicochemical properties of aeolian sand soil

作　　者：孔洁茹 翟品 王瑞霞 王俊 刘慧丽 马若石 康鹏 刘秉儒 Kong Jieru;Zhai Pin;Wang Ruixia;Wang Jun;Liu Huili;Ma Ruoshi;Kang Peng;Liu Bingru(College of Biological Science and Engineering,North Minzu University,Yinchuan 750021,China;Key Laboratory of Ecological Protection of Agro-pastoral Ecotones in the Yellow River Basin,National Ethnic Affairs Commission of the People’s Republic of China,Yinchuan 750021;Administration of Ningxia Lingwu Baijitan National Nature Reserve,Lingwu,Ningxia 750499,China;Ningxia Baijitan National Field Observation and Research Station for Forest Ecosystem,Lingwu,Ningxia 750499,China)

机构地区：[1]北方民族大学生物科学与工程学院,银川750021 [2]黄河流域农牧交错区生态保护国家民委重点实验室,银川750021 [3]宁夏灵武白芨滩国家级自然保护区管理局,宁夏灵武750499 [4]宁夏白芨滩森林生态系统国家定位观测研究站,宁夏灵武750499

出　　处：《水土保持研究》2025年第3期119-129,共11页Research of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金区域创新发展联合基金“封禁荒漠草原生物多样性与生态系统功能协变过程及其对全球变化的响应”(U22A20504);宁夏旱区生态修复工程技术研究人才小高地“宁夏旱区生态修复工程技术研究”(2023RCGD07)。

摘　　要：[目的]探究荒漠地区草本枯落物厚度对土壤养分和土壤真菌群落结构及功能的影响,为深入理解枯落物、微生物群落以及土壤三者相互作用提供科学依据。[方法]以毛乌素沙地西南边缘白芨滩国家级自然保护区优势草本枯落物混合物为研究材料,采用高通量测序技术分析其不同草本枯落物混合物厚度(0.7 cm,1.4 cm,2.1 cm)表层(0—5 cm)和亚表层(5—10 cm)土壤真菌群落结构及多样性特征,并且根据相关测定方法测定不同厚度草本枯落物下0—5 cm和5—10 cm土层土壤理化因子含量。[结果](1)随着草本枯落物混合物厚度的增加,表层(0—5 cm)土壤养分TN,TP,TK,AP,AK含量均升高,而且pH,SWC也有着相同的规律。(2)土壤真菌优势菌门以子囊菌门(Ascomycota)、担子菌门(Basidiomycota)、壶菌门(Chytridiomycota)和被孢霉门(Mortierellomycota)最为丰富,占真菌群落总数的76%以上;优势菌属以链格孢属(Alternaria)、Knufia、光黑壳属(Preussia)和Canariomyces为主。(3)不同草本枯落物混合物厚度下0—5 cm土层真菌群落的ACE指数和Simpson指数均高于5—10 cm土层,Chao 1指数和Shannon指数没有明显的变化规律。(4)不同草本枯落物混合物厚度下真菌功能群有4类营养型(病原营养型、腐生营养型、共生营养型和未指定型),其中腐生营养型占比都比较高。(5)土壤养分因子与土壤真菌群落的关系分析揭示SWC,SOM是影响土壤真菌群落分布的主要环境因子。[结论]荒漠地区草本枯落物厚度变化对0—5 cm土层土壤养分具有一定的影响,但对土壤真菌群落结构及功能没有显著影响。[Objective]To explore the influence of herbaceous litter thickness on soil nutrients and soil fungal community structure and function in desert area,and to provide a scientific basis for further understanding of the interaction among litter,microbial communities,and soil.[Methods]The dominant herbaceous litter mixture in Baijitan National Nature Reserve on the southwest edge of Mu Us Sandy Land was used as the research material.High-throughput sequencing technology was used to analyze the soil fungal community structure and diversity characteristics in the surface(0—5 cm)and subsurface(5—10 cm)layer under different thicknesses of herbaceous litter mixture(0.7 cm,1.4 cm,2.1 cm).The soil physicochemical factor content in 0—5 cm and 5—10 cm soil layers under different thicknesses of herbaceous litter was determined according to relevant determination methods.[Results](1)With the increase of the herbaceous litter mixture,the contents of soil nutrients TN,TP,TK,AP and AK in the surface layer(0—5 cm)increased,as did the pH and SWC.(2)The dominant phyla of soil fungi were Ascomycota,Basidiomycota,Chytridiomycota and Mortierellomycota,accounting for more than 76%of the total fungal community.The dominant genera were Alternaria,Knufia,Preussia and Canariomyces.(3)The ACE index and Simpson index of fungal community in 0—5 cm soil layer were higher than those in 5—10 cm soil layer under different herbaceous litter mixture thicknesses,and the Chao 1 index and Shannon index did not change significantly.(4)Fungal functional groups under different thicknesses of herbaceous litter mixture were categorized into 4 trophic types(pathogenic type,saprotrophic type,symbiotic type and unclassified type),among which the proportion of saprotrophic type was relatively high.(5)The analysis of the relationship between soil nutrient factors and soil fungal communities revealed that SWC and SOM were the main environmental factors affecting the distribution of soil fungal communities.[Conclusion]The change of herbaceous litter th

关 键 词：草本枯落物厚度 土壤理化性质 土壤真菌 高通量测序 多样性 FUNGuild功能预测 

分 类 号：S154.3[农业科学—土壤学]