黄土高原植被水分利用效率时空变化及其对不同影响因子的响应强度  

Spatiotemporal variation of vegetation water use efficiency on the Loess Plateau and its response intensity to different influencing factors

作　　者：杨梅焕[1] 王添晴 李扬 苏立红 闫伟伟 王涛[1,5] 李卓阳[1] 李雅雯 童海涛 Yang Meihuan;Wang Tianqing;Li Yang;Su Lihong;Yan Weiwei;Wang Tao;Li Zhuoyang;Li Yawen;Tong Haitao(College of Geomatics,Xi′an University of Science and Technology,Xi′a n 710054 China;China National Building Materials Group Shandong Building Material&Surveying Institute Co.,Ltd.,Jinan 250199,China;Shaanxi Institute of Surveying and Mapping of Land Co,Ltd.,Xi′a n 710054 China;Northwest Bureau of China Metallurgical Geology Bureau,Xi′a n 710119,China;Institute of Territorial Space,Xi′a n University of Science and Technology,Xi′a n 710054,China)

机构地区：[1]西安科技大学测绘科学与技术学院,西安710054 [2]中建材山东勘测设计研究院有限公司,济南250199 [3]陕西国土测绘工程院有限公司,西安710054 [4]中国冶金地质总局西北局,西安710119 [5]西安科技大学国土空间研究所,西安710054

出　　处：《水土保持研究》2025年第3期159-169,共11页Research of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2022YFE0119200);国家自然科学基金(42271309,41501571);2025年度陕西省哲学社会科学研究专项(2025YB0239)。

摘　　要：[目的]分析中国黄土高原整体及不同分区植被水分利用效率(WUE)的时空变化特征及其对影响因子的响应强度,探究其变化规律及背后的影响机制,为黄土高原植被管理与生态改善提供理论依据。[方法]以中国黄土高原为研究区,基于2001—2020年MODIS遥感数据和逐日气象监测数据,运用线性回归模型、Theil-Sen Median趋势分析、多元线性回归等方法,分析了黄土高原植被水分利用效率(Water Use Efficiency,WUE)时空变化特征及其对影响因子的响应强度。[结果](1)2001—2020年黄土高原植被WUE呈不显著减少趋势,其中半湿润区呈显著减少趋势,减少速率为0.008 gC/(m^(2)·mm·a)(p<0.05),湿润区呈显著增加趋势,增加速率为0.027 gC/(m^(2)·mm·a)(p<0.05)。(2)2001—2020年黄土高原植被WUE空间变化以减少趋势为主,其中呈显著减少趋势的区域占18.56%,集中分布在干旱区和半湿润区;呈显著增加趋势的区域仅占3.23%,集中分布在湿润区。(3)2001—2020年黄土高原植被WUE对年均风速、年均叶面积指数的响应强度总体呈显著减少趋势(p<0.05),但半干旱区和湿润区内植被WUE对年均叶面积指数的响应强度呈显著增加趋势(p<0.05)。[结论]2001—2020年黄土高原植被WUE除湿润区均呈减少趋势,其对叶面积指数的响应强度在干旱区和半湿润区呈显著减少趋势,研究认为干旱区和半湿润区通过优化植被冠层结构或类型对于提高植被水分利用效率具有重要促进作用。[Objective]This study analyzes the spatiotemporal variation characteristics of vegetation water use efficiency(WUE)and its response intensity to influencing factors on the entire Loess Plateau of China and its subregions.The aim is to explore its changing patterns and underlying mechanisms to provide theoretical support for vegetation management and ecological improvement on the Loess Plateau.[Methods]The Loess Plateau of China was selected as the study area.Based on MODIS remote sensing data and daily meteorological monitoring data from 2001 to 2020,this study used linear regression models,Theil-Sen Median trend analysis,multiple linear regression,and other methods to analyze the spatiotemporal variation characteristics of vegetation WUE and its response intensity to influencing factors on the Loess Plateau.[Results](1)From 2001 to 2020,the vegetation WUE of the Loess Plateau showed no significant decreasing trend,among which the semi-humid region showed a significant decreasing trend with a decrease rate of 0.008 gC/(m^(2)·mm·a)(p<0.05),and the humid region showed a significant increasing trend with an increase rate of 0.027 gC/(m^(2)·mm·a)(p<0.05).(2)From 2001 to 2020,the spatial variation of vegetation WUE on the Loess Plateau was mainly decreasing,with 18.56%of the area showing a significant decreasing trend,mainly distributed in arid and semi-humid regions.Only 3.23%of the areas showed a significant increasing trend,concentrated in the humid region.(3)From 2001 to 2020,the response intensity of vegetation WUE to the annual average wind speed and annual average leaf area index on the Loess Plateau showed a significant decreasing trend(p<0.05).However,the response intensity of vegetation WUE to the annual average leaf area index in semi-arid and humid regions showed a significant increasing trend(p<0.05).[Conclusion]From 2001 to 2020,the vegetation WUE of the Loess Plateau showed a decreasing trend,except in the humid region.Its response intensity to the leaf area index showed a significant decreasing tre

关 键 词：水分利用效率 变化趋势 响应强度 黄土高原 

分 类 号：P237[天文地球—摄影测量与遥感]