赤水河流域(贵州段)景观生态风险时空分异及空间自相关分析  

Spatiotemporal differentiation and spatial autocorrelation analysis of landscape ecological risk in the Chishui River Basin(Guizhou section)

作　　者：罗芹芹 刘凤莲 朱柯权 杨磊 赵舒 Luo Qinqin;Liu Fenglian;Zhu Kequan;Yang Lei;Zhao Shu(School of Finance and Public Administration,Yunnan University of Finance and Economics,Kunming 650221,China;Institute of Land&Resources and Sustainable Development,Yunnan University of Finance and Economics,Kunming 650221,China;Yunnan Key Laboratory of Service Computing,Yunnan University of Finance and Economics,Kunming 650221,China;China Petrochemical Co.,Ltd.Shengli Oilfield Branch Gudong Production Plant,Dongying,Shandong 257000,China;Surveying and Mapping Engineering Institute of Gansu Province,Lanzhou 730070;Kunming Metallurgical College of Environment and Chemical Engineering,Kunming 650300,China)

机构地区：[1]云南财经大学财政与公共管理学院,昆明650221 [2]云南财经大学国土资源与持续发展研究所,昆明650221 [3]云南财经大学云南省服务计算重点实验室,昆明650221 [4]中国石化股份有限公司胜利油田分公司孤东采油厂,山东东营257000 [5]甘肃省测绘工程院,兰州730070 [6]昆明冶金高等专科学校环境与化工学院,昆明650300

出　　处：《水土保持研究》2025年第3期282-290,共9页Research of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家乡村振兴局委托项目(80026091881);云南省教育厅科学研究资助项目(2024J0634);云南财经大学引进人才项目(2022D13);云南省服务计算重点实验室开放课题(YNSC24305)。

摘　　要：[目的]研究赤水河流域景观生态风险时空演变并厘清空间自相关特征,为提高流域生态风险防控能力,促进区域可持续发展提供理论参考。[方法]构建景观生态风险评价模型,计算景观格局指数,分析赤水河流域(贵州段)近20年景观生态风险时空演变特征,并从全局和局部对景观生态风险空间自相关特征进行了分析。[结果](1)林地、耕地和草地是研究区的主要景观类型,三者之和占比在95%以上。(2)2000—2020年,中风险面积占比均保持在50%以上,高风险和较高风险面积在近20年间共减少375.88 km^(2),较低风险面积增加413.96 km^(2),流域景观生态风险等级变化整体降低。(3)“高—高”聚集类主要分布在赤水河流域沿岸,在习水县表现为由西向东转移,在仁怀市则呈现出由南向北转移;“低—低”聚集类主要分布在流域东北部。[结论]赤水河流域(贵州段)风险等级总体呈现下降趋势,应加强对中风险区的监测,防止中风险向高风险转移,加大对赤水河流域的生态保护力度,缓解经济发展与生态保护的紧张关系。[Objective]This research aims to explore the spatiotemporal evolution of landscape ecological risk in the Chishui River Basin and clarify the spatial autocorrelation characteristics,providing theoretical references to improve the risk prevention and control capacity of the basin and promote regional sustainable development.[Methods]The spatiotemporal evolution characteristics of landscape ecological risk in the Chishui River Basin(Guizhou section)over the past 20 years were analyzed by constructing a landscape ecological risk assessment model,calculating landscape pattern index,and analyzing spatial autocorrelation characteristics of landscape ecological risk from both global and local aspects.[Results](1)Forest,farmland,and grassland were the main landscape types in the study area,and the sum of the three accounted for more than 95%.(2)From 2000 to 2020,the proportion of medium-risk areas remained above 50%,the area of high-risk and medium-high risk decreased by 375.88 km^(2),and the area of medium-low risk increased by 413.96 km^(2).The change in landscape ecological risk level decreased overall.(3)The‘high-high’cluster was mainly distributed along the Chishui River Basin,with a west-to-east shift in Xishui County and a south-to-north shift in Renhuai City.The‘low-low’cluster was mainly distributed in the northeastern part of the basin.[Conclusion]The risk level of the Chishui River Basin(Guizhou section)shows an overall downward trend.Monitoring of medium-risk areas should be strengthened to prevent the transition from medium risk to high risk.Efforts should be made to enhance ecological protection in the Chishui River Basin and alleviate the tension between economic development and ecological protection.

关 键 词：景观生态风险 景观格局指数 空间自相关 时空演变 赤水河流域 

分 类 号：P901[天文地球—自然地理学]