矿区地下水环境重金属污染时空变化特征及风险评估研究  

Spatiotemporal Variation Characteristics and Risk Assessment of Heavy Metal Pollution in Groundwater Environment of Mining Areas

作　　者：郭志耀 杨冬 Guo Zhiyao;Yang Dong(College of New Energy and Environment,Jilin University,Changchun 130021,China;National Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Petrochemical Pollution Site Control and Remediation Technology,Jilin University,Changchun 130021,China;Shenyang Static Transportation Investment and Construction Management Co.,Ltd.,Shenyang 110033,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林大学新能源与环境学院,吉林长春130021 [2]吉林大学石油化工污染场地控制与修复技术国家地方联合工程实验室,吉林长春130021 [3]沈阳静态交通投资建设管理有限公司,辽宁沈阳110033

出　　处：《环境科学与管理》2025年第3期189-194,共6页Environmental Science and Management

摘　　要：矿区粗放开采导致环境受有毒有害物质污染,尤其是地下水环境。此研究针对矿区地下水环境重金属污染,设置采矿区和冶炼区采样点,检测水样和沉淀物中重金属含量。结果表明,冶炼区污染重于开采区,重金属难以迁移,地下水质呈弱碱性。为此,建立污染风险评估模型,划分污染风险等级。结果显示,冶炼区水环境重金属污染风险高,邻近冶炼区的采样点风险最高,开采区风险较低但邻近矿井的点风险中等。因此,需同步治理开采和冶炼过程,确保矿区的可持续发展。通过科学评估和有效治理,减少矿区对生态环境的破坏,保障当地居民的健康生活。Extensive mining in mining areas has led to environmental pollution by toxic and harmful substances,especially groundwater.This study focuses on heavy metal pollution in the groundwater environment of mining areas,and sets up sampling points in mining and smelting areas to detect the content of heavy metals in water samples and sediments.The results indicate that the pollution in the smelting area is heavier than that in the mining area,heavy metals are difficult to migrate,and the groundwater quality is weakly alkaline.To this end,the study established a pollution risk assessment model and classify pollution risk levels.The results show that the risk of heavy metal pollution in the water environment of the smelting area is high,and the sampling points near the smelting area have the highest risk.The risk in the mining area is low,but the point risk in the adjacent mines is moderate.Therefore,it is necessary to synchronize the management of mining and smelting processes to ensure the sustainable development of the mining area.Through scientific evaluation and effective governance,reduce the damage of mining areas to the ecological environment and ensure the healthy living of local residents.

关 键 词：矿区污染 水环境 重金属 时空特征 风险评估 

分 类 号：X820.4[环境科学与工程—环境工程]