高速铁路跨海桥梁水中墩沉降变形观测方法研究  

Research on the Observation Method of Settlement and Deformation of Piers in Water for High-Speed Railway Sea-Crossing Bridge

作　　者：郭钰铂 康俊 张翔 GUO Yubo;KANG Jun;ZHANG Xiang(China Railway Construction Bridge Engineering Bureau Group Co.Ltd.,Tianjin 300300,China)

机构地区：[1]中国铁建大桥工程局集团有限公司,天津300300

出　　处：《铁道建筑技术》2025年第3期36-38,共3页Railway Construction Technology

基　　金：中国铁建股份有限公司科技研发计划项目(2018-B04);中国铁建大桥工程局集团有限公司科技创新项目(DQJ-2018-B16)。

摘　　要：随着高速铁路技术的不断发展,跨海桥梁的建设逐渐成为连接沿海城市间的重要交通枢纽。然而,由于特定的海洋环境,跨海桥梁的水中墩容易受到复杂的荷载及不均匀沉降的影响,导致结构变形,甚至影响铁路的安全运营。因此,为了确保高速铁路跨海桥梁的结构安全性,开展水中墩沉降变形观测方法的研究显得尤为重要。本文分析了水中墩环境下进行沉降变形观测的难点以及现有的传统变形观测方法及其应用局限性,综述了几种先进的沉降变形观测技术,包括卫星定位技术、光纤传感技术及激光扫描技术等,从精度、适用场景、实时性等方面对比了不同技术的优缺点,并对水中墩环境下进行沉降变形观测未来的发展方向进行了展望。With the continuous development of high-speed railway technology,the construction of sea-crossing bridges has gradually become an important transportation hub connecting coastal cities.However,due to the specific marine environment,the water piers of sea-crossing bridges are vulnerable to complex loads and uneven settlement,resulting in structural deformation and even affecting the safe operation of the railway.Therefore,in order to ensure the structural safety of high-speed railway bridge across the sea,it is particularly important to carry out the research on the settlement deformation observation method of pier in water.This paper analyzes the difficulties of settlement deformation observation under water pier environment,as well as the existing traditional deformation observation methods and their application limitations,summarizes several advanced settlement deformation observation technologies,including satellite positioning technology,optical fiber sensing technology and laser scanning technology,compares the advantages and disadvantages of different technologies from the aspects of accuracy,applicable scene and real-time,and prospects the future development direction of settlement deformation observation under water pier environment.

关 键 词：高速铁路 跨海桥梁 水中墩 沉降变形 观测方法 

分 类 号：U446[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]