全生物降解膜在烤烟种植中的适应性及其对微生物多样性的影响  

Adaptability of fully biodegradable film in tobacco cultivation and its effect on microorganism diversity in soil

作　　者：谢世爽 吴亮 黄峰 荣鑫 湛玉舟 李旭娟[2] 许向彬 XIE Shishuang;WU Liang;HUANG Feng;ZHAN Yuzhou;RONG Xin;LI Xujuan;XU Xiangbin(Bozhou Branch of Guizhou Provincial Tobacco Company Zunyi,Zunyi 563100,China;School of Environment and Resource,Southwest University of Science and Technology,Mianyang 621010,China;School of Materials Science and Engineering,Chongqing Jiaotong University,Chongqing 400074,China;CCTEG Chongqing Engineering(Group)Co,Ltd,Chongqing 400074,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州省烟草公司遵义市公司播州分公司,贵州遵义563100 [2]西南科技大学资源环境学院,四川绵阳621010 [3]重庆交通大学材料科学与工程学院,重庆400074 [4]中煤科工集团重庆研究院有限公司,重庆400074

出　　处：《中国塑料》2025年第3期90-94,共5页China Plastics

基　　金：重庆英才计划项目(CQYC20210304123);四川省大学生创新训练项目(S202310619095)。

摘　　要：通过田间铺膜试验和实验室分析,如傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR),扫描电子显微镜(SEM),以及16SrDNA高通量测序,研究了全生物降解膜在贵州典型气候下的降解周期,降解过程对烟草生育期及土壤微生物菌落的影响。结果表明,全生物降解膜在贵州典型气候下烤烟中的使用周期为80天,具有良好的降解性能和保温保湿效果。生物降解膜降解后增加了土壤微生物群落及其丰度,在门水平上,为变形菌(Proteobacteria)、芽单胞菌(Gemmatimonadota)、放线菌(Actinobacteria)、绿弯菌(Chloroflexi)、酸杆菌(Acidobacteria)、拟杆菌(Bacteroidetes)、疣微菌(Verrucomicrobiota)和厚壁菌(Firmicutes),在属水平上,增加了链霉菌属、溶杆菌属、硝化螺菌属、黄色土源菌等有益菌的种类和数量,这将有助于土壤碳固存,及氮、碳、磷素的循环。The adaptability of fully biodegradable film in tobacco cultivation was investigated by field experiments and laboratory analysis,including Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy,scanning electron microscopy,and 16SrDNA highthroughput sequencing,and its effect on microorganism diversity in soil was studied.The results indicated that the fully biodegradable film exhibited good degradation performance,moisture retention,and heat preservation in tobacco cultivation in the Guizhou area.The degradation of the film improved the soil microbial communities and its abundance.The microbial communities included Proteobacteria,Gemmatimonadota,Actinobacteria,Chloroflexi,Acidobacteria,Bacteroidetes,Verrucomicrobiota,and Firmicutes at the phylum level,and Streptomyces,Lysobacter,Nitrospirillum,Flavisolibacter at the genus level.Moreover,the other beneficial bacteria also increased.This can facilitate the soil carbon sequestrants and the nitrogen,carbon,phosphorus cycling.

关 键 词：生物降解膜 烟草 降解性能 保温保湿 土壤微生物 

分 类 号：TQ321[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]