从王莽作乐看两汉雅乐的价值取向  

Examining the Value Orientation of Ya Yue in the Han Dynasty from Wang Mang's Musical Compositions

作　　者：刘颖 Liu Ying

机构地区：[1]南京大学文学院,江苏南京210023

出　　处：《南京艺术学院学报(音乐与表演版)》2025年第1期29-35,I0002,共8页JOURNAL OF NANJING UNIVERSITY OF THE ARTS:Music & Performance

基　　金：教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目“中国文论与乐论关系通史研究”(项目编号:23JZD035)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：受传统史观的影响,王莽的雅乐制作长期被忽视甚至抹黑。实际上,王莽制乐是两汉之交礼乐文化建设的一环,在西汉至东汉雅乐价值取向的流变中较为特殊。首先,王莽的音乐制作从理论的建设、政治伦理意义的建构、乐舞的改革与实践三个维度展开,将乐教真正提升到国家政治的层面。其次,王莽作乐与其对于郊祀、宗祀两大国家祭典的建设有密切的关系,礼乐复古的成功为王莽篡位铺下了坦途,但对稽古的狂热最终又导向他政治的失败,他的音乐制作也随之成为历史的尘埃。王莽作乐对于西汉儒家复古思潮的迎合、西汉帝王与士人的雅乐观存在的矛盾的化解,以及对东汉雅乐的潜在影响,使其在两汉雅乐的发展中起到不容忽视的作用。Influenced by traditional historical perspectives,the creation of Ya Yue by Wang Mang has long been neglected or even discredited.In fact,Wang Mang's establishment of music was a crucial aspect of the cultural development of ritual and music during the transition between the Two Han Dynasties,holding a unique position in the evolution of the value orientation of Ya Yue from the Western Han to the Eastern Han.Firstly,Wang Mang's musical production was carried out from three dimensions:theoretical construction,political and ethical significance,and reform and practice of music and dance.It systematically elevated musical education to the level of national politics.Secondly,Wang Mang's creation of music was closely related to his construction of two major national rituals:the suburban sacrifice and the ancestral sacrifice.The success of the restoration of ritual and music paved the way for Wang Mang's usurpation of the throne.However,his fanaticism for ancient rites ultimately led to his political failure,and his musical creations also became dust in history.Wang Mang's creation of music catered to the trend of reviving ancient ways among the Confucian scholars of the Western Han Dynasty,resolved the contradiction between the Western Han emperors and the scholars regarding the existence of Ya Yue,and had a potential impact on the Ya Yue of the Eastern Han Dynasty.Therefore,his role in the development of Ya Yue during the Two Han Dynasties cannot be ignored.

关 键 词：王莽 乐经 礼仪 雅乐 

分 类 号：J609.2[艺术—音乐] K234[历史地理—历史学]