论外国文学研究的诞生及其中国主体意识  

On the Birth of Foreign Literature Studies and Its Chinese Subject Consciousness

作　　者：高旭东 Gao Xudong(School of Humanities,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200240,China)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学人文学院

出　　处：《外国文学研究》2025年第1期45-49,共5页Foreign Literature Studies

摘　　要：中国古代就与印度及东亚国家有着频繁的交往,由于没有民族平等的观念而没有产生外国文学研究。中国的外国文学研究是在五四文学革命之后诞生的,然而其浓重的反传统与西化色彩遮蔽了中国的主体意识,不过深入研究还是能够发现其中的中国主体意识,因为反传统与西化的动因来自传统的振兴家国社稷的使命感。正是这种感时忧国的使命感,潜在地变异着外国文学研究的方向,使中国在资本主义世界经济大危机而苏联建设成功之际整体性地向左转。历史进入改革开放的新时期之后,外国文学研究中的中国主体意识则成为自觉的努力追求。聂珍钊教授创建的文学伦理学批评,就是中国的外国文学研究者在中国的主体意识觉醒之后自觉进行的自主知识体系的建构。当然,增强外国文学研究中的中国主体意识并非主体吃掉客体的非此即彼,而是互为主体的民族平等相待。In ancient times,China maintained frequent exchanges with India and East Asian countries,but the study of foreign literature did not develop because of the lack of the concept of national equality.The discipline of foreign literature in China was born after the May Fourth Literature Revolution.Nonetheless,its pronounced anti-traditional and Westernization elements obscured the Chinese subject consciousness.After in-depth research,however,one can still discern the presence of this Chinese subject consciousness contained in it,because the motivation for anti-traditional and Westernization comes from a traditional sense of mission to revitalize the country and its people.This mission,driven by a concern for the nation’s future and awareness of change,influenced the trajectory of foreign literature research in China,leading China to shift decisively to the left during the global capitalist economic crisis and the successful development of the Soviet Union.In the reform and opening-up era,the Chinese subject consciousness in foreign literature research became a conscious pursuit of scholars.Ethical Literary Criticism,developed by Professor Nie Zhenzhao,exemplifies the efforts of Chinese foreign literature scholars to construct the Chinese intellectual system after the awakening of the subject consciousness.Of course,the enhancement of Chinese subject consciousness in foreign literature studies is not an either-or situation.Instead,it promotes mutual subjectivity and equitable interaction among nations.

关 键 词：外国文学研究 诞生 主体意识 

分 类 号：I106[文学—世界文学]