玛丽安·摩尔反战诗歌创作中抵抗伦理的源与流  

The Source and Development of Ethics of Resistance in Marianne Moore’s War Poems

作　　者：何庆机 He Qingji(School of Humanities and Communications,Zhejiang Gongshang University,Hangzhou 310018,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江工商大学人文与传播学院

出　　处：《外国文学研究》2025年第1期75-89,共15页Foreign Literature Studies

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“《普林斯顿诗歌与诗学百科全书》翻译与研究”(21&ZD280)。

摘　　要：玛丽安·摩尔反战诗的研究存在缺乏整体性的共性问题——要么将不同时期的反战诗割裂开来,忽视了其间的内在联系;要么孤立地研究摩尔的反战诗,忽视了摩尔的反战思想与诗人总体思想观念、诗学之间的内在逻辑关系。摩尔反战诗歌的抵抗伦理生成于其诗歌创作与诗学形成的早期,其抵抗伦理表现为反对战争的压迫与残暴的同时,隐含的是对各种压迫和偏见的抵抗,而这也与摩尔一贯的提倡多元、反对偏见、反对等级秩序的思想相一致。摩尔的抵抗伦理在四十年代反战诗中表现出向内转的特点,而晚期诗歌的抵抗伦理则具有明显的双重性——在反冷战的同时,更主要体现为反对偏见的文化之战。摩尔诗歌的托寓特点,使各个时期的反战诗均有双重性、甚至多重性特点,而这也是其反战思想易被忽视,其诗歌易被误读或漏读的主要原因之一。Current scholarship on Marianne Moore's anti-war poetry exhibits a common lack of holistic analysis–either compartmentalizing her anti-war poems from different periods while neglecting their intrinsic connections,or studying these poems in isolation without examining the inherent logical relationships between Moore's anti-war ideology and her overall philosophical and poetic principles.While explicitly opposing the oppression and brutality of war,this resistance ethics implicitly challenges various forms of oppression and prejudice,aligning with Moore's consistent advocacy for pluralism and opposition to prejudice and hierarchical ordering.Her resistance ethics demonstrated an inward turn in her anti-war poetry of the 1940s,while her later works exhibited distinct duality—simultaneously opposing the Cold War while primarily engaging in a cultural battle against prejudice.The allegorical nature of Moore’s poetry imbues her anti-war works with duality or even multiplicity,which is a key reason why her anti-war sentiments are often overlooked and her poetry misinterpreted or inadequately read.

关 键 词：玛丽安·摩尔 反战诗 抵抗伦理 内在转向 文化对抗 

分 类 号：I712.072[文学—其他各国文学]