全球山地考古视野下青藏高原史前人类的拓殖  

Prehistoric Population Settlement on the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau from the Perspective of Global Mountain Archaeology

作　　者：赵宇超 侯哲 Zhao Yuchao;Hou Zhe

机构地区：[1]山东大学考古学院,山东省青岛市266237

出　　处：《考古》2025年第2期55-67,F0002,共14页Archaeology

摘　　要：综合考古学与基因学的相关研究,梳理和探讨了史前人类拓殖青藏高原的历史过程。对比阿尔蒂普拉诺高原与埃塞俄比亚高原的相关材料,认为狩猎采集人群在更新世与全新世早期已经终年生存于高原内陆,驯化经济显著推进了高原人口的大规模拓殖。而高原文明形成于狩猎采集孑遗人群与外来人群长期的交流互动。The process by which humans achieved year-round habitation on the plateau and their adaptive strategies are critical topics in global mountain archaeology.By synthesizing recent archaeological and genetic research findings from the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau and its surrounding regions,this study reviews and discusses the process of prehistoric human settlement on the plateau.A comparative analysis of findings and studies from the Altiplano Plateau and the Ethiopian Highlands suggests that hunting-gathering populations had already achieved year-round occupation on the plateau's interior during the Pleistocene and early Holocene.The emergence of domesticated economies significantly accelerated large-scale human settlement on the plateau.Furthermore,the formation of plateau civilizations is interpreted as the result of prolonged interaction and exchange between indigenous hunter-gatherer groups and incoming populations.

关 键 词：青藏高原 人群定居 适应策略 驯化经济 

分 类 号：Q981[天文地球—古生物学与地层学] K872[生物学—人类学]