重庆市慢病老年人健康现况及其差异的影响因素研究  

A Study on the Current Health Status of Elderly Adults with Chronic Diseases and the Influencing Factors in Chongqing

作　　者：曾欣 邓晶[1] 卢泉鸿 程萍 张政[1] Zeng Xin;Deng Jing;Lu Quanhong

机构地区：[1]重庆医科大学公共卫生学院医学与社会发展研究中心(公共卫生安全研究中心),重庆400016

出　　处：《中国卫生经济》2025年第2期84-88,共5页Chinese Health Economics

基　　金：重庆市教委人文社会科学类研究重点项目(22SKGH051);重庆医科大学未来医学青年创新团队发展支持计划(03030299QC-W0020)。

摘　　要：目的:分析重庆市慢病老年人健康现况及其差异的影响因素,为改善老年人健康状况提供参考依据。方法:采用多阶段分层随机抽样抽取重庆市慢病老年人进行问卷调查,在logistic回归分析慢病老年人健康现况及其差异的影响因素的基础上,使用Oaxaca-Blinder分解法对老年人健康状况差异进一步分解分析。结果:重庆市慢病老年人健康受损率为17.14%。个人月收入6500元及以上、已婚、睡眠质量很好、参与社会活动、城镇户籍、大专及以上、没有孤独感、过去1年未跌倒、过去1年看过门诊的慢病老年人健康受损程度较低。生活满意度为不好、自评健康为差、曾为贫困户的慢病老年人健康受损程度较高。结论:生活满意度、自评健康、个人月收入、是否曾为贫困户、婚姻状况、过去1年是否跌倒、过去1年是否看门诊是影响重庆市慢病老年人健康受损的主要因素。通过在提高生活满意度、加强自评健康认知和预防老年人跌倒等方面采取优先干预措施并实行精准健康管理,进而减小慢病老年人健康受损差异,促进我国积极应对健康老龄化和推动主动健康的战略目标。Objective:To analyze the current health status of elderly adults with chronic diseases in Chongqing and the influencing factors,in order to provide a reference basis for improving the health status of the elderly.Methods:Multi-stage stratified random sampling was used to select elderly adults with chronic diseases in Chongqing to conduct the questionnaire survey,and to analyze the current health status of chronically ill older adults and the factors influencing their differences on the basis of logistic regression,the differences in the health status of older adults were further decomposed and analyzed by using Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition method.Results:The health impairment rate of the elderly adults with chronic diseases in Chongqing was 17.14%.Health impairment was lower among the elderly adults with chronic diseases who had a personal monthly income of 6500 yuan or more,were married,had very good sleep quality,were involved in social activities,had urban household registration,had college education or higher,had no loneliness,had not had a fall in the past year,and had seen an outpatient clinic in the past year.Health impairment was higher among chronically ill older adults whose life satisfaction was bad,whose self-rated health was poor,and who had been poor.Conclusion:Life satisfaction,self-assessed health,personal monthly income,whether has been a poor household,marital status,whether one has fallen in the past year,and whether one has visited an outpatient clinic in the past year are the main factors affecting the health impairment of older adults with chronic diseases in Chongqing.By prioritizing interventions and implementing precise health management in improving life satisfaction,strengthening self-assessed health perceptions,and preventing falls among older adults,it could reduce the differences in health impairment among older adults with chronic diseases,and contribute to China's active response to healthy aging and the promotion of a proactive health strategy.

关 键 词：慢病老年人 健康现况 差异 影响因素 重庆 

分 类 号：R1-9[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学] R-055