长输油气管道资产风险及财产保险条件优化分析  

Analysis on asset risks and property insurance conditions optimization for long-distance oil and gas pipeline

作　　者：张雄涛 ZHANG Xiongtao(CNPC Captive Insurance Co., Ltd.)

机构地区：[1]中石油专属财产保险股份有限公司

出　　处：《国际石油经济》2025年第2期93-99,共7页International Petroleum Economics

摘　　要：基于多年现场查勘经验和理赔处置实践,梳理长输管道案件理赔数据,从理赔的视角分析长输管道运行及财产保险设计存在的问题。在出险原因分布中,暴雨(含洪水)是长输管道赔案最主要的事故原因,其次是暴风;长输管道赔案出险时间主要分布在夏初至秋初;不同企业的简单赔付率极不平衡。自然灾害和意外事故中比较典型的风险包括:气候与地质灾害风险,制造与施工缺陷,第三方损坏,管道腐蚀、错误操作及其他。与长输管道财产保险相关的问题包括:部分管道项目在施工管理、管道设计、水工保护建设和修复保养等方面存在问题;天然气介质投保方式不合理;企业保费与赔款不匹配,保险费率厘定机制不合理;新老管道风险敞口与保险费率不对等,投保与赔偿逻辑不一致。建议完善长输管道保险条件,优化提升保险保障水平;关注管道建设运营,从源头提升管道本质安全。Based on years of on-site investigation experience and claims handling practice,this paper sorts out the claims data of long-distance pipeline cases,and analyzes the natural disasters faced by long-distance pipeline projects as well as the typical accident risks from the perspective of claims handling.In the distribution of risk causes,heavy rain(including flooding) is the most important cause of accidents in long-distance pipeline claims,followed by windstorms since long-distance pipeline claims are mainly distributed from early summer to early fall(May-September),which is consistent with the fact that heavy rain(including flooding) is the greatest risk faced by long-distance pipelines.The simple payout rates of different enterprises are extremely unbalanced.The typical risks of natural disasters and accidents include climate and geologic disaster risks,manufacturing and construction defects,third-party damages,pipeline corrosion,incorrect operations,and others.Some pipeline projects have such problems as construction management,pipeline design,hydraulic protection construction,and restoration maintenance,the natural gas insurance method is unreasonable,premiums and insurance premiums are not matched,the insurance premium rate mechanism is unreasonable,unequal risk exposures of new and old pipelines and insurance rates,and inconsistent logic between insuring and compensating.It is suggested to improve the insurance conditions of long-distance pipelines,optimize and enhance the level of insurance protection,concentrate on pipeline construction and operation,and enhance the essential safety of pipelines from the outset.

关 键 词：长输管道 资产风险 财产保险 理赔分析 管道建设 

分 类 号：F406.76[经济管理—产业经济] F426.22