混凝土预制构件外观质量影响因素分析  

Analysis of Factors Affecting the Surface Quality of Precast Concrete Components

作　　者：郭祥洋 郭飞 

机构地区：[1]潍坊三建建材科技有限公司,山东潍坊261100 [2]潍坊三建砼泰建筑材料有限公司,山东潍坊261106

出　　处：《混凝土世界》2025年第3期58-62,共5页China Concrete

摘　　要：本文系统研究了胶凝材料体系、脱模剂种类和振捣时间等关键因素对C50混凝土预制构件外观质量的影响规律,并通过图像分析法定量表征了混凝土表面的气孔参数和灰度参数。结果表明:矿粉、粉煤灰等矿物掺合料会改变混凝土的表面颜色,其中,加入矿粉后,混凝土的平均灰度相比单组分水泥体系增加了23%,加入粉煤灰和矿粉后,混凝土的灰度值相比水泥+矿粉体系降低了9.3%;粉煤灰和矿粉的加入会使混凝土表面气孔的最大直径和面积率分别下降51%和50%,有效降低气孔数量,但会增加色差出现的概率;水性脱模剂的效果要优于油性脱模剂,混凝土表面的灰度值提高11%,灰度标准差降低39%,有助于增加混凝土的光泽度,降低色差;混凝土的振捣时间宜为65 s,相比混凝土振捣时间为45 s,其表面气孔的最大直径和面积率分别下降了56%和42%,时间过长或过短均会导致混凝土表面气孔数量增多。This article systematically studies the influence of key factors such as cementitious material system,type of release agent,and vibration time on the appearance quality of C50 concrete prefabricated components,and quantitatively characterizes the pore parameters and grayscale parameters of the concrete surface through image analysis.The results show that mineral admixtures such as mineral powder and fly ash can change the surface color of concrete.Among them,after adding mineral powder,the average gray level of concrete increased by 23%compared to the single-component cement system.After adding fly ash and mineral powder,the gray level of concrete decreased by 9.3%compared to the cement-mineral powder system;compared to single-component cement systems,the addition of fly ash and mineral powder can reduce the maximum diameter and area ratio of surface pores in concrete by 51%and 50%,respectively,effectively reducing the number of pores,but increasing the probability of color difference.The effect of water-based release agents is better than that of oil-based release agents.The gray value of the concrete surface is increased by 11%,and the gray standard deviation is reduced by 39%,which helps to improve glossiness and reduce color difference.The optimal vibration time for concrete is 65 seconds.Compared with a vibration time of 45 seconds,the maximum diameter and area ratio of surface pores on concrete decreased by 56%and 42%,respectively.Too long or too short time can increase the number of pores on the surface of concrete.

关 键 词：混凝土预制构件 外观质量 气孔 色差 

分 类 号：TU5[建筑科学—建筑技术科学]