木质素催化热解产物高值化调控研究进展  

Research progress in regulation of lignin catalytic pyrolysis products

作　　者：周安宁[1,2] 白状伟 贺新福 张怀青[1] 石智伟 张致 王俊哲 ZHOU Anning;BAI Zhuangwei;HE Xinfu;ZHANG Huaiqing;SHI Zhiwei;ZHANG Zhi;WANG Junzhe(School of Chemical Engineering,Xi’an University of Science and Technology,Xi’an 710054,China;Key Laboratory of Coal Resources Exploration and Comprehensive Utilization,Ministry of Natural Resources,Xi’an 710021,China;Shaanxi Coal Industry New Energy Technology Co.,Ltd.,Xi’an 710199,China)

机构地区：[1]西安科技大学化学与化工学院,陕西西安710054 [2]自然资源部煤炭资源勘查与综合利用重点实验室,陕西西安710021 [3]陕西煤业新型能源科技股份有限公司,陕西西安710199

出　　处：《洁净煤技术》2025年第1期1-16,共16页Clean Coal Technology

基　　金：陕西省“双链”融合重点专项资助项目(2023-LL-QY-05);国家自然科学基金资助项目(U24A20552)。

摘　　要：木质素作为一种重要的可再生有机碳源,其独特的三维交联结构在为其带来丰富的化学潜力时,也为其高效转化和利用带来了难题。催化热解是实现木质素绿色、低碳和高值化利用的有效手段。在木质素催化热解的研究领域,甲烷、合成气、轻质芳烃和高性能多孔碳材料等成为备受瞩目的高值化目标产物。鉴于此,紧密围绕木质素催化热解高值化产物的应用这一核心导向,深入且系统地探讨了多种催化剂在木质素催化热解过程中的关键调控作用。其中,AAEMs催化剂可分为碱金属盐和碱土金属盐2大类,碱金属盐虽使液相产率有所降低,但提升了苯酚等单酚类物质的产率,而碱土金属盐则提高了液相产率,并且对增强苯酚的选择性效果显著。碱金属盐有助于气相产物的生成,并能提高H_(2)的选择性,碱土金属盐虽抑制气相产物生成,却在水煤气转换反应中发挥重要作用。在固相产物方面,碱金属盐相较于碱土金属盐更有助于提升生物质炭的产率,并且能够进一步优化其结构,增强反应活性。金属氧化物催化剂主要分为酸性和碱性2大类,其中,酸性金属氧化物在木质素催化热解过程中,可显著提升液相产物的产率,对苯酚及MAHs展现出较高的选择性,并且有助于CO和CH_(4)的生成,同时对生物质炭的生成起到抑制作用。而碱性金属氧化物虽会抑制液相产物的产生,但能有效促进苯酚的生成,在推动气相产物生成以及优化生物质炭结构方面表现突出。钙钛矿催化剂具有立方相等结构优势,且氧化还原性能优异。通过金属离子掺杂显著增加了氧空位含量,提高了液相产率与苯酚和MAHs的选择性,抑制了脱羧和脱羰基反应,升高了CH_(4)选择性,降低了生物质炭产率,且循环催化热解稳定性良好。分子筛类催化剂催化性能与其酸碱性和表面结构等相关。高酸性且具有适宜孔径的可促进木质�As an important renewable organic carbon source,lignin's unique three-dimensional cross-linked structure brings rich chemical potential,but also brings problems for its efficient conversion and utilization.Catalytic pyrolysis is an effective means to realize green,low carbon and high value utilization of lignin.In the research field of catalytic pyrolysis of lignin,methane,syngas,light aromatic hydrocarbons and high-performance porous carbon materials have become the high value of the target products.In view of this,the key regulatory roles of various catalysts in the catalytic pyrolysis of lignin were deeply and systematically discussed,focusing on the application of high-value products in the catalytic pyrolysis of lignin.Among them,AAEMs catalysts can be divided into alkali metal salt and alkaline earth metal salt.Although alkali metal salt reduces the liquid phase yield,it increases the yield of phenol and other monophenols,while alkaline earth metal salt increases the liquid phase yield,and has a significant selectivity effect on enhancing phenol.Alkali metal salts contribute to the formation of gaseous products and can improve the selectivity of H_(2).Although alkali earth metal salts inhibit the formation of gaseous products,they play an important role in the water-gas conversion reaction.In terms of solid phase products,alkali metal salts are more conducive to improving the yield of biochar than alkaline earth metal salts,and can further optimize its structure and enhance its reactivity.Metal oxide catalysts are mainly divided into acidic and alkaline categories.In the catalytic pyrolysis process of lignin,acid metal oxides can significantly improve the yield of liquid products,show high selectivity to phenol and MAHs,contribute to the generation of CO and CH_(4),and inhibit the generation of biomass carbon.Although alkaline metal oxides can inhibit the production of liquid phase products,they can effectively promote the formation of phenol,and play an outstanding role in promoting the formation of gas ph

关 键 词：木质素 催化热解 高值化 目标产物 选择性 

分 类 号：TQ35[化学工程]