术前沙袋加压伸直训练在全膝关节置换术病人中的应用  

Application of preoperative sand-bag compression stretching training in patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty

作　　者：贺彩玲[1] 张佳惠 郭利晓 赵娜[1] HE Cailing;ZHANG Jiahui;GUO Lixiao;ZHAO Na(Shanxi Provincial People′s Hospital,Shanxi 030001 China)

机构地区：[1]山西省人民医院,山西030001

出　　处：《护理研究》2025年第6期1016-1020,共5页Chinese Nursing Research

摘　　要：目的:探讨术前沙袋加压伸直训练在全膝关节置换术病人中的应用效果。方法:选取2023年1月—11月在山西省某三级甲等医院行全膝关节置换术的124例病人作为研究对象。采用随机数字表法将病人分为对照组和观察组,每组62例。对照组于手术当天及术后行常规护理及功能锻炼。观察组在对照组基础上于术前采用自制沙袋加压装置进行沙袋加压伸直训练。比较两组病人的膝关节功能、疼痛、膝关节伸直度、日常生活能力。结果:观察组术前1周、术后第1周、术后第1个月、术后第3个月膝关节功能得分、日常生活能力得分均高于对照组(均P<0.05),膝关节伸直度均小于对照组(均P<0.05),观察组术前第1周、术后第1周、术后第1个月疼痛得分均低于对照组(均P<0.05)。结论:全膝关节置换术病人术前借助沙袋加压装置进行沙袋加压伸直训练有利于改善膝关节功能,减轻疼痛,促进膝关节伸直度恢复,提高日常生活能力。Objective:To explore the application effect of preoperative sand-bag compression stretching training in patients undergoing a total knee arthroplasty.Methods:A total of 124 patients who underwent total knee arthroplasty in a tertiary grade A hospital in Shanxi province from January 2023 to November 2023 were selected as research subjects.The patients were divided into the control group and the observation group by random number table method,with 62 cases in each group.The control group received routine nursing and functional exercises on the day of surgery and postoperatively.The observation group used a self-made sand-bag compression device for sand-bag compression stretching training preoperatively in addition to the control group.The knee joint function,pain,knee joint extension,and activity of daily living between two groups of patients were compared.Results:The scores of knee joint function and activity of the daily living of observation group were higher than that of the control group at 1 week preoperatively,1 week postoperatively,1 month postoperatively,and 3 months postoperatively(all P<0.05),while the knee joint extension were lower than that of the control group(all P<0.05).The scores of pain of the observation group was lower than that of the control group at 1 week preoperatively,1 week postoperatively,and 1 month postoperatively(all P<0.05).Conclusions:Preoperative sand-bag compression stretching training using sand-bag compression device is beneficial for improving knee joint function,reducing pain,promoting knee joint extension recovery,and enhancing activity of daily living of patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty.

关 键 词：沙袋加压 全膝关节置换术 术前护理 膝关节伸直受限 关节功能 疼痛 日常生活能力 

分 类 号：R473.6[医药卫生—护理学]