中国西北地区逆温时空变化  

Spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of the temperature inversion in Northwest China

作　　者：沙贝宁 杨余辉[1] 黄佛君[1] 叶茂[1] SHA Beining;YANG Yuhui;HUANG Fojun;YE Mao(Institute of Oasis Development,Laboratory of Lake Environment and Resources in Arid Region of Xinjiang,College of Geography and Tourism,Xinjiang Normal University,Urumqi 830054,Xinjiang,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆师范大学地理科学与旅游学院,绿洲发展研究所,新疆干旱区湖泊环境与资源实验室,新疆乌鲁木齐830054

出　　处：《干旱区研究》2025年第3期397-408,共12页Arid Zone Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42161004);第三次新疆综合科学考察项目(2021xjkk0406)。

摘　　要：基于2022—2023年19个探空站点的资料,探究西北地区对流层低、中和高层逆温时空变化特征。结果表明:(1)在月变化上,西北地区低、中和高层的逆温特征具有一致性,在12月和次年1—2月最大,6—8月最小。(2)在空间分布上,低、中和高层的逆温特征空间分布差异显著。低层逆温中,新疆北部地区低层逆温频率最大,为40%~60%;陕西北部地区低层逆温厚度最厚,为90m以上;新疆大部分地区低层逆温强度较强,为2~3℃。中层逆温中,青海中层逆温频率最大,为40%~50%,中层逆温频率呈现出青海地区向外递减趋势。高层逆温中,新疆北部地区高层逆温特征尤为显著,高层逆温频率呈现以新疆北部地区为中心,向四周递减的分布趋势。(3)西北地区低层逆温的发生与地面辐射、地形有关,中层逆温的发生与暖平流、下沉运动有关,高层逆温的发生可能与温带对流层顶和臭氧有关。(4)受太阳辐射和地面辐射冷却影响,西北地区夏季0℃层高度以下,逆温强度强;0℃层高度以上,逆温强度弱。Based on the data from 19 sounding stations in 2022-2023,this study investigates the temporal and spatial variations of the temperature inversions in the lower,middle,and upper troposphere in northwest China.The results indicated the following:(1)In terms of monthly variations,inversions across all three tropospheric levels exhibit similar patterns,peaking in December and January-February of the following year and reaching a minimum from June to August.(2)In terms of spatial distribution,among the low-level inversions,low-level inversions were most frequent in northern Xinjiang,at 40%-60%;the greatest thickness of low-level inversions was observed in northern Shanxi,exceeding 90 m;the intensity of low-level inversions was stronger in most areas of Xinjiang,ranging from 2℃and 3℃.For mid-level inversions,their frequency was highest in Qinghai and decrease outward from this region.High-level inversions were most pronounced in northern Xinjiang,with their frequency decreasing outward from this region.(3)The occurrence of low-level inversions in northwest China is influenced by surface radiation and topography,the occurrence of mid-level inversions is associated with warm advection and subsidence movement,and the occurrence of high-level inversions may be related to the top of the temperate troposphere and ozone.(4)In the summer of northwest China,influenced by solar radiation and surface cooling.below the 0℃ isotherm height,the intensity of inversions is stronger;above the 0℃isotherm height,the inversions have weaker intensity.

关 键 词：逆温 对流层 时空变化 形成原因 0℃层高度 西北地区 

分 类 号：X51[环境科学与工程—环境工程]