西宁市青杨林地的土壤水分时空变异特征  

Characteristics of Spatial and Temporal Variability of Soil Water in Populus cathayana Plantations in Xining City

作　　者：张雪 田丽慧 张登山 ZHANG Xue;TIAN Lihui;ZHANG Dengshan(College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry,Qinghai University,Xining Qinghai 810016,China;State Key Laboratory of Sanjiangyuan Plateau Ecology and Agriculture,Qinghai University,Xining Qinghai 810016,China)

机构地区：[1]青海大学农牧学院,青海西宁810016 [2]青海大学省部共建三江源生态与高原农牧业国家重点实验室,青海西宁810016

出　　处：《青海农林科技》2025年第1期56-64,共9页Science and Technology of Qinghai Agriculture and Forestry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(42301062);青海省科技厅项目(2023-ZJ-755)。

摘　　要：本研究为明确西宁市青杨林地土壤水分的时空变异特征及其影响因素,为西宁市生态保护和植被建设提供科学依据。以西宁市青海大学校园内青杨纯林(PC_(1))、青杨—青海云杉混交林(MPP)和青杨—暴马丁香—榆叶梅混交林(MPSA)为研究对象,进行2023年生长季的植被调查和土壤取样,分析各样地的植被特征与土壤水分变化。结果表明:PC_(1)的平均树高最高,MPSA最低,郁闭度和密度表现为PC_(1)>MPP>MPSA;土壤含水量呈现出PC_(1)>MPSA>MPP,表层土壤含水量较高,随着土层深度的增加,土壤含水量波动减小,至60 cm趋于稳定;土壤水分季节变化显著,生长旺盛期(8月)最低而生长末期(10月)最高。研究表明,西宁市林地土壤水分的时空变异受局地降水量、植被蒸腾耗水、土壤质地及土壤表面蒸发等因素的共同影响。本研究为西宁市生态保护和植被建设提供了基础数据和理论支持。This study aimed to clarify the spatiotemporal variation characteristics of soil water in Populus cathayana plantations in Xining and its influencing factors,providing a scientific basis for ecological protection and vegetation construction in Xining.The study focused on pure P.cathayana plantations(PC_(1)),mixed P.cathayana and Picea crassifolia plantations(MPP),and mixed P.cathayana,Syringa reticulata and Amygdalus triloba plantations(MPSA)within the campus of Qinghai University in Xining.Vegetation surveys and soil sampling were conducted during the 2023 growing season to analyze the vegetation characteristics and soil water changes in each plot.The results showed that:the average tree height of PC_(1) was the highest,while MPSA was the lowest.The canopy closure and density were ranked as PC_(1)>MPP>MPSA.Soil water content was ranked as PC_(1)>MPSA>MPP.The surface soil water content was relatively high,and as the soil depth increased,the fluctuation in soil water content decreased,stabilizing at 60 cm.Seasonal variations in soil water were significant,with the lowest water content during the peak growth period(August)and the highest during the end of the growth period(October).The study showed that the spatiotemporal variation of soil water in plantations in Xining was jointly influenced by local precipitation,vegetation transpiration,soil texture,and soil surface evaporation.This study provides basic data and theoretical support for ecological protection and vegetation construction in Xining.

关 键 词：青杨人工林地 土壤含水量 季节变化 垂直分异 

分 类 号：S152.7[农业科学—土壤学]