雪灾后间伐保留密度对杉木林的影响研究  

Study on the effect of thinning retention density on Cunninghamia lanceolata forest after snow disaster

作　　者：石冠旗 杨模华 SHI Guanqi;YANG Mohua(College of Forestry,Central South University of Forestry&Technology,Changsha Hu′nan 410000,China;Forestry Bureau of Lingling District,Yongzhou Hu′nan 425000,China)

机构地区：[1]中南林业科技大学林学院、水土保持学院,湖南长沙410000 [2]永州市零陵区林业局,湖南永州425000

出　　处：《南方林业科学》2025年第1期33-38,共6页South China Forestry Science

摘　　要：【目的】探明冰雪灾害后杉木中龄林的适宜间伐保留密度,为杉木林的经营质量提升提供参考。【方法】以湖南省大庙头林场31年生杉木成熟林为研究对象,分析不同间伐保留密度(850株/hm^(2)、575株/hm^(2)、425株/hm^(2))对杉木生长、林下物种多样性和土壤理化性质的影响差异。【结果】(1)不同间伐保留密度杉木林分的单位面积蓄积量和单位面积年均材积生长量存在显著差异(P<0.05),仅高密度单位面积年均材积生长量(9.84 m^(3)/hm^(2))达到杉木林速生丰产林水平。(2)不同间伐保留密度杉木林下植物物种数及物种多样性差异均不大,受冰雪灾害及杉木连栽影响,林下植物仅有20~23种。(3)不同间伐保留密度杉木林分的土壤理化性质差异基本不显著。土壤肥力整体较好,其中土壤有机质(62.6~84.6 g/kg)含量均处于极高水平,铵态氮(26.44~36.91 mg/kg)处于中等水平,有效磷(7.06~11.79 mg/kg)、速效钾(130.6~166.6 mg/kg)含量处于较高以上水平,但土壤pH值仅为3.88~4.08,酸化较严重;土壤物理性质良好,容重为1.064~1.165 g/cm^(3),毛管孔隙度为0.569~0.599。【结论】冰雪灾害及连栽均不利于杉木林生长,依靠自然恢复难以形成高质量的森林群落,需人工干预改良,建议在清杂间伐抚育时,适当提高保留密度,同时适地适树补植阔叶树,提升经营价值。【Objective】To investigate the suitable thinning retention density of middle-aged Cunninghamia lanceolata forest after snow and ice disaster,and to provide reference for improving the management quality of C.lanceolata forest.【Method】The31-year-old mature C.lanceolata forest in Damiaotou Forest Farm in Hu′nan Province was selected as the research object,and the effects of different thinning retention densities(850 trees/hm^(2),575 trees/hm^(2),425 trees/hm^(2))on the growth of C.lanceolata,understory species diversity and soil physicochemical properties were analyzed.【Result】(1)There were significant differences in the stock volume per unit area and annual growth volume per unit area of C.lanceolata stand with different thinning retention densities(P<0.05),and only the annual growth volume per unit area of high density(9.84 m^(3)/hm^(2))reached the level of rapid growth and high yield.(2)There was little differences in the number of species and species diversity of C.lanceolata understory under different thinning retention densities.There were only 20~23 species of C.lanceolata understory under the influence of snow and ice disaster and continuous planting.(3)The difference of soil physical and chemical properties of C.lanceolata stands with different thinning retention densities was basically not significant.Soil fertility was good on the whole,and the contents of soil organic matter(62.6~84.6 g/kg)were at a very high level,and ammonium nitrogen(26.44~36.91 mg/kg)was at a medium level.The contents of available phosphorus(7.06~11.79 mg/kg)and available potassium(130.6~166.6 mg/kg)were above the high level,but the soil pH value was only 3.88~4.08,and acidification was serious.The soil physical properties were good,the bulk density was 1.064~1.165 g/cm^(3),and the capillary porosity was 0.569~0.599.【Conclusion】Snow and ice disaster and serialization were not beneficial to the growth of C.lanceolata forest,and it was difficult to form high-quality forest community by natural restoration,which needs

关 键 词：杉木林 间伐保留密度 植物多样性 土壤理化性质 森林质量提升 

分 类 号：S791.27[农业科学—林木遗传育种] S750[农业科学—林学]