基于理论分析和数值模拟的煤矿超前低压注水降尘方法研究  

Coal mine dust control with advanced low pressure water injection based on theoretical analysis and numerical simulation

作　　者：华正凡 刘斌 于可伟 张磊 陈登峰 HUA Zhengfan;LIU Bin;YU Kewei;ZHANG Lei;CHEN Dengfeng(Shaanxi Huabin Yadian Coal Industry Co.,Ltd.,Xianyang 713500,China;School of Energy Engineering,Xi’an University of Science and Technology,Xi’an 710054,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西华彬雅店煤业有限公司,陕西咸阳713500 [2]西安科技大学能源学院,陕西西安710054

出　　处：《陕西煤炭》2025年第4期67-72,共6页Shaanxi Coal

摘　　要：煤矿开采时工作面与巷道产生的大量粉尘,一直以来严重威胁着工作人员的健康。依据工作面煤壁前方煤体存在应力集中区条件,针对煤层开采时粉尘问题,提出两巷超前低压注水降尘创新方法。通过理论分析和数值模拟,建立注水降尘物理模型,研究了注水降尘工作面的超前布置方式和低压注水时的合理控压。结果表明,充分发挥应力集中区作用,确定两巷注水的超前距离应大于14 m;分析注水水压与孔隙水压力的影响,得到注水水压与煤层湿润半径的函数关系,确定该煤层条件下低压控制范围应在3~6 MPa和注水钻孔布置间距应在3~7 m。煤矿超前低压注水降尘创新方法适用于不同层厚条件时的降尘工作,相对于工作面注水和高压注水时其安全性较高且低压注水成本较低,依据煤层注水降尘效果的判断标准,检验该方法是可行的,并对工作面降尘产生良好的效果。A large amount of dust produced in coal mining face and roadway has been a serious threat to the health of workers.According to the conditions of stress concentration area in front of coal wall of working face and aiming at the problem of dust in coal seam mining,an innovative method of low pressure water injection and dust reduction in two roadways is put forward.Through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation,a physical model of water injection and dust reduction is established,and the advanced layout of water injection and dust reduction working face and the rationally controlled pressure of low pressure water injection are studied.The results show that:Make full use of stress concentration area,determine that the advanced distance of water injection should be longer than 14 m;Analyze the influence of water injection pressure and pore water pressure,obtain the function between water injection pressure and coal seam wetting radius,and determine that the low pressure control range should be 3~6 MPa and the setting distance of water injection boreholes should be 3~7 m under the coal seam conditions.The innovation method of coal mine advanced low pressure water injection dust reduction is suitable for dust reduction with the different thickness of coal seams.Compared to the working face water injection and high pressure water injection,our innovation method is of high security and low cost.On the basis of the judgment standard of coal seam water injection dust reduction effect,the method is feasible with good effect in dust reduction on working face.

关 键 词：超前布置 低压控制 数值模拟 湿润半径 注水降尘 

分 类 号：TD714.4[矿业工程—矿井通风与安全]