基于AVL-Cruise的增程式电动拖拉机传动系统匹配与优化  

Matching and Optimization of the Transmission System of an Extended Range Electric Tractor Based on AVL-Cruise

作　　者：陈梦醒 姚艳萍[1] 杨召淞 邢哲浩 周利东[1] CHEN Mengxing;YAO Yanping;YANG Zhaosong;XING Zhehao;ZHOU Lidong(School of Mechanical Engineering,Taiyuan University of Science and Technology,Taiyuan 030024,China)

机构地区：[1]太原科技大学机械工程学院,山西太原030024

出　　处：《汽车实用技术》2025年第6期16-21,共6页Automobile Applied Technology

基　　金：山西省基础研究计划项目(202203021211202);山西省研究生教育改革研究课题(2023JG142);山西省高等学校科技成果转化培育项目(2020CG043)。

摘　　要：为了解决拖拉机传动系统的匹配与优化问题,首先根据拖拉机的整车设计要求,对拖拉机的电机、电池、增程器、变速箱等参数进行了匹配;然后基于AVL-Cruise建立了整车模型,并建立了循环工况、续航里程、最大爬坡度等仿真任务;最后在保证满足拖拉机动力性的情况下,利用遗传算法优化变速箱传动比,提高其经济性。结果表明,拖拉机在犁耕和运输作业工况下能耗均有所下降,经济性分别提高了2.6%和8.4%,犁耕和运输作业工况下的纯电续航时间均有所上升,经济性分别提高了4.2%和4.6%,且优化后犁耕作业工况下电机MAP图中的工作点相较于优化前工作在更高的效率区间。In order to solve the matching and optimization problem of the tractor transmission system,firstly the tractor motor,battery,range extender,gearbox and other parameters are matched according to the vehicle design requirements of the tractor.Then the vehicle model is established based on AVL-Cruise,and simulation tasks such as cycle working condition,driving range and maximum gradient are established.Finally,under the condition of satisfying the power performance of the tractor,the genetic algorithm is used to optimize the transmission ratio and improve its economy.The results show that the energy consumption of the tractor decreases and the economy increases by 2.6%and 8.4%,respectively,and the pure electric endurance increases by 4.2%and 4.6%,respectively,under the ploughing and transporting operating conditions.Moreover,the working points in the motor MAP graph under optimized ploughing working conditions are in a higher efficiency range than those before optimization.

关 键 词：增程式电动拖拉机 传动系统 遗传算法 

分 类 号：S219.1[农业科学—农业机械化工程]