汽车用电动真空泵活塞阀座脱落故障分析及优化  

Fault Analysis and Optimization of Piston Valve Seat Shedding in Automobile Electric Motor Driven Vacuum Pump

作　　者：邵振鹏 SHAO Zhenpeng(ZF Commercial Vehicle Systems(Qingdao)Company Limited,Qingdao 266000,China)

机构地区：[1]采埃孚商用车系统(青岛)有限公司,山东青岛266000

出　　处：《汽车实用技术》2025年第6期99-103,共5页Automobile Applied Technology

摘　　要：某型号电动真空泵在做寿命试验的过程中,遇到了活塞阀座脱落的故障。采用失效树分析法对活塞阀座脱落的潜在原因进行分析:阀座试验前的尺寸复核、阀座及阀座孔的X光检测、阀座尺寸公差带的分析计算、泵在低温下启动时阀座内外的压差监测试验、阀座及阀座孔在泵的降温过程中的温差监测试验、阀座及阀座孔的受力分布及变形仿真计算等。通过对这些原因逐一分析排除,最终确定了阀座脱落是由于阀座孔不均匀变形引起的。针对这一原因,对阀座进行了优化改进,并通过仿真计算和试验对改进后的产品进行了验证,从根本上解决了阀座脱落的故障问题。During the endurance test of a certain type of electric motor driven vacuum pump,the piston valve seat falls off.The potential causes of piston valve seat shedding are analyzed using the failure tree analysis method.Review the dimensions of the valve seat before the test.The valve seat and valve seat hole are X-ray inspected.The tolerance zone of the valve seat is analyzed and calculated.The pressure difference between the inside and outside of the valve seat is monitored when the pump is started at low temperature.The temperature difference between the valve seat and the valve seat hole during the cooling process of the pump is monitored.The force distribution and deformation of the valve seat and valve seat hole are simulated and calculated.By analyzing and eliminating these reasons one by one,it is finally determined that the valve seat falling off is caused by uneven deformation of the valve seat hole.For this reason,the valve seat is optimized and improved,and the improved product is verified through simulation calculation and tests.Finally,the problem of valve seat falling off is fundamentally solved.

关 键 词：活塞泵 电动真空泵 阀座脱落 热膨胀系数 压装件变形 

分 类 号：U463[机械工程—车辆工程]