基于全寿期碳排和成本耦合的农宅BIM设计方法研究  

Research on BIM design methods of farm house based on the coupling of life-cycle carbon emissions and costs

作　　者：叶家良 陈静[1] 李岳岩[1,2] YE Jialiang;CHEN Jing;LI Yueyan(School of Architecture,Xi'an Univ.of Arch.&Tech.,Xi'an 710055,China;State Key Laboratory of Green Building,Xi'an 710055,China)

机构地区：[1]西安建筑科技大学建筑学院,陕西西安710055 [2]绿色建筑国家重点实验室,陕西西安710055

出　　处：《西安建筑科技大学学报(自然科学版)》2025年第1期124-132,共9页Journal of Xi'an University of Architecture & Technology(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52378037,52078402)。

摘　　要：建筑信息模型(BIM)在乡村住宅领域具有重要意义,特别是结合全寿命期碳排放(LCA)和全寿命期成本(LCC)的分析与优化,对实现乡村装配式住宅减碳目标具有重要推动作用.本研究通过引入基于BIM的正向设计方法,突破了BIM在传统设计流程中脱节的问题,实现了LCA和LCC的高效耦合优化,为乡村住宅的绿色发展提供了解决方案.研究以西安市柳树村某钢结构装配式住宅为研究对象,在BIM平台中构建了基于遗传算法的多目标优化模型,将建筑属性信息、几何形态与能耗模拟相结合,系统性优化LCA与LCC.同时,利用族构件拟合程序强化了BIM平台中几何模型与信息集成的关联性,并自动生成优化的建筑模型,显著提升了设计效率和准确性.研究结果表明,所提出的方法使LCA和LCC分别降低约30%和20%,为乡村装配式住宅的碳减排与成本优化提供了可行路径,推动了建筑可持续发展目标的实现.Building information modeling(BIM)is of great significance in the field of rural housing,especially in combination with the analysis and optimization of life cycle assessment(LCA)and life cycle cost(LCC),which plays an important role in achieving the goal of carbon reduction in rural prefabricated housing.By introducing the forward design method based on BIM,this study breaks through the disconnection of BIM in the traditional design process,realizes the efficient coupling optimization of LCA and LCC,and provides a solution for the green development of rural housing.Taking a steel structure prefabricated house in Liushu Village of Xi′an as the research object,a multi-objective optimization model based on genetic algorithm is constructed in BIM platform,which combines building attribute information,geometric shape and energy consumption simulation to systematically optimize LCA and LCC.At the same time,the correlation between geometric model and information integration in BIM platform is strengthened by using the family component fitting program,and the optimized building model is automatically generated,which significantly improves the design efficiency and accuracy.The results demonstrate that the proposed method reduces LCA and LCC by approximately 30%and 20%,respectively,providing a feasible pathway for carbon reduction and cost optimization in rural prefabricated housing,thus advancing sustainable development goals in architecture.

关 键 词：BIM 乡村装配式住宅 LCA LCC 多目标优化 

分 类 号：TU244[建筑科学—建筑设计及理论]